The Civil War
First shots of the Civil War. Started the combat of the war. Both sides called for building armies in response.
Fort Sumter
President and former union general that was very effective in fighting the first KKK in the south, almost eliminating all violence. Though he received criticism for massive corruption in his cabinet
Ulysses S Grant
Provided Free land to settlers on the great plains as long as it was farmed for 5 years. Failed at goal as many farmers went bankrupt
Homestead Act
The richest Industrialist of the Gilded Age. His company Standard Oil owned 90 percent of the domestic oil market using the method of horizontal integration
John D Rockefeller
The idea that the rich are rich and the poor are poor because of genetic superiority. Also used to justify racism and imperialism
Social Darwinism
General in Charge of the Army of Northern Virginia, the lead Confederate general
Robert E Lee
Northerners that moved south that often times took advantage of the economically destroyed south. Also supported reconstruction measures
Carpetbaggers
Main American Indian tribe that fought against the US government in battles like Little Bighorn. Leaders included Sitting Bull, Crazy Horse, and Red Cloud
Sioux
Labor strike at Carnegie Steel where the Pinkerton detective agency was called in to break up the strike. A shootout ensued where several people were killed
Homestead Strike
Gilded Age ideology which wanted the working class to unite and overthrow the government business/middle class in a violent revolution to create an egalitarian workers utopia. Would become the main U.S. adversary in the 1900s
Communism
Lincoln wartime measure that freed all slaves in rebellious states. Made the war about ending slavery in addition to the primary goal of saving the union. It also kept Britain and France neutral
Emancipation Proclamation
Provided job training, education, and welfare to newly freed slaves. It was effective but lost funding by the end of reconstruction and was a main target of the Klan
Freedmen's Bureau
Connected East and West. Was a main cause in elimination of the bison herds. Allowed for easy settlement in the west
Transcontinental Railroad
Labor union that at first only accepted skilled white males as members. Was effective because skilled workers were harder to replace
American Federation of Labor (AFL)
Political party that appealed mainly to farmers in the west. Advocated for adding silver as a reserve currency to drive up inflation so they could pay off their fixed loans. Also wanted to limit immigration, regulate RR, and improve working conditions
Populist Party
Major union victory that is seen as a turning point in the war. the deadliest battle in the war. Fought in Pennsylvania. Lincoln would later have a speech honoring the dead at the location.
Battle of Gettysburg
This ended Reconstruction in the south.
Compromise of 1877 (election of 1876)
The last battle of the Plains Indian Wars.
Wounded Knee Massacre
Labor union that was the largest union in the nation. Accepted anyone into their membership (except Chinese). Lost popularity due to the Haymarket Square Riot
Knights of Labor
Eugene Debs founded this after he was arrested for his role in violent strikes. Advocated for government takeover of industry and property
Socialist Party of America
Responsible for capturing Atlanta, and his famous or infamous march to the sea crippled the south as it destroyed much of its infrastructure and farming
William T. Sherman
Post war southern laws that put black people back to a condition as close to slavery as possible.
Black Codes
American Indians could live on a reservation or completely assimilate into American society with their own plot of land. Sold off most Indian land to white settlers
Dawes Act
Gospel of Wealth
President Cleveland used the army to break up this violent railroad strike outside of Chicago, taking the side of big business
Pullman Strike