Misc.
This term describes the exchange of plants, animals, diseases, and people between the Eastern and Western Hemispheres after European contact.
What is the Columbian Exchange?
This is the year Columbus's first voyage connected the Americas and Europe in sustained contact.
1492
This European power established New Spain and conquered the Aztec and Inca Empires.
What is Spain?
This economic system encouraged European nations to accumulate wealth through favorable trade balances and control of colonial resources.
What is mercantilism?
These peoples inhabited the Americas long before European arrival and maintained diverse societies, cultures, and political systems.
Who are Native Americans
This Spanish colonial labor system granted colonists the right to demand labor and tribute from Indigenous peoples.
What is the encomienda system?
This is the year the first permanent English settlement in North America was established at Jamestown.
What is 1607?
This Virginia institution, established in 1619, gave some colonists a voice in making local laws.
What is the House of Burgesses?
This cash crop helped make Jamestown economically viable in the early 1600s.
What is tobacco?
This labor system required individuals to work for a set period in exchange for passage to the colonies.
What is indentured servitude?
Established in Virginia in 1619, this was the first representative legislative assembly in the English colonies.
What is the House of Burgesses?
This is the year the Pilgrims established Plymouth Colony.
What is 1620?
This religious leader founded Rhode Island after disagreements with Puritan authorities in Massachusetts.
Who is Roger Williams?
This Atlantic trading system connected Europe, Africa, and the Americas through manufactured goods, raw materials, and the forced transportation of enslaved Africans.
What is triangular trade?
This religious group founded Pennsylvania under William Penn and emphasized pacifism and religious tolerance.
Who are the Quakers?
This religious revival of the 1730s and 1740s emphasized personal conversion and challenged established religious authority.
What is the First Great Awakening?
This is the year Bacon's Rebellion exposed tensions between Virginia's elite and frontier settlers.
1676
Passed in 1689, this English law limited the monarch's power and strengthened Parliament, influencing colonial political thought.
What is the English Bill of Rights?
This agricultural system relied on large estates producing cash crops such as tobacco, rice, and indigo, often using enslaved labor.
What is the plantation system?
This 1676 Virginia uprising revealed tensions between wealthy planters and poorer frontier settlers.
What is Bacon's Rebellion?
This 1739 uprising in South Carolina involved enslaved people rebelling and attempting to reach Spanish Florida.
What is the Stono Rebellion?
This is the year the French and Indian War began in North America, setting the stage for a major imperial struggle.
What is 1754?
Proposed by Benjamin Franklin in 1754, this plan called for greater cooperation among the British colonies, including a unified approach to defense.
What is the Albany Plan of Union?
This British policy involved loosely enforcing trade regulations in the American colonies, giving colonial merchants greater freedom to conduct business.
What is salutary neglect?
This process involved the development of a social hierarchy in colonial America in which legal rights and social status increasingly depended on racial categories.
What is racial stratification?