First People
This theory contends that humans first came to the Americas via a land connection with Siberia during the last Ice Age
Bering Land Bridge Theory
This term refers to the system of distinction based on race in New Spain
Casta / Caste System
This deadly weapon was common in Afro-Eurasia but not in the Americas prior to colonization
Following military conquest, religious missionaries came to the Americas to convert indigenous populations to what religion?
Christianity / Catholicism
Name a country that Spain competed with for dominance in the Americas
France
Britain
Netherlands
Portugal
Coastal Route Theory
This term refers to a Spanish military official tasked with taking over land in the Americas
Conquistador
This microscopic killer was responsible for massive population losses in indigenous communities after Europeans arrived.
Smallpox Virus
The introduction of these crops to Afro-Eurasia from the Americas led to booming population (name one)
Potatoes and corn
Name an original motivation for European exploration
The desire to access new trade routes with the East Indies and avoid Muslim controlled land
The desire to expand power of growing European empires.
The desire to spread Christianity around the world.
This North American empire featured arguably the largest city in the world at the time and had many ethnicities.
Mexica / Nahua (Aztec)
Enslaved populations from West Africa were increasingly used on plantations growing these cash crops
Sugar
Tobacco
Coffee
(Rice and Indigo are also acceptable answers but by far less prominent)
This refers to the exchange of plant and animal life from Afro-Eurasia to the Americas and vice versa. This term also includes the introduction of diseases and enslaved labor to the Americas
The Columbian Exchange
This phrase refers to the motivations of the Europeans to colonize the Americas
Gold, God and Glory
This region of the Americas was particularly sought after by European empires due to its warm climate and volcanic soil.
Caribbean
Encomienda
What society in the Americas was used to show the existence of matrilineal societies (societies in which power and decision making ran through women)
The Haudenosaunee (Iroquois)
This man was a Jesuit priest that defended Native Americans and criticized the actions of the Spanish
Bartolome de las Casas
Wealth extracted from the Americas helped shift Europe from the feudal system to this new structure
Capitalism
This city was the center of the greater Mississippian Society that was integrated through extensive trade. (Famous for its mounds that continue to exist)
What is the Pueblo Rebellion (1680) an example of?
Indigenous Resistance to Spanish Colonization
This term refers to the blending and adaptation of religious beliefs that occurred due to contact between European, American and African populations
Religious Syncretism
examples
- Santeria, Voodoo
Besides diseases, weaponry, slavery and religion - name something that flowed from from AfroEurasia to the Americas via the Columbian exchange
Cattle, Horses, Pigs, Sugar, Rice, Tea
Describe a distinction between European societies and Native American societies regarding the management of land
- N.A. - holding land in common, no concept of private property
- N.A. - controlled burns
- N.A. - irrigation techniques for arid areas.
This is the name of the treaty signed by Spain and Portugal in 1494 agreeing to split the Americas so that each could colonize without running into conflict with the other.
Treaty of Tordesillas (1494)