The Jenner Era
This disease was the center of Edward Jenner's vaccine experimentation.
What is cowpox?
This ethical code includes the overarching idea that voluntary consent is absolutely essential in medical experimentation.
What is the Nuremberg Code?
DTP stands for these three diseases
What are diphtheria, tetanus, and pertussis?
Polio vaccine platform
What is whole-inactivated virus?
This type of white blood cell is known as the "professional phagocyte" and plays a key role in engulfing and digesting pathogens.
What is a macrophage?
Jenner's smallpox vaccine replaced the long-accepted practice of this, in which deliberate exposure to mild forms of cowpox was used.
What is variolation?
Assessment of the patient's understanding, rendering an actual recommendation, and documenting the process are all facets of this, a pillar of medical experimentation.
What is informed consent?
A live attenuated vaccine discovered by John Enders proved successful against three viral diseases, also referred to as this.
What is MMR?
MMR vaccine platform
What is Live-attenuated virus?
The main function of these immune cells is to produce antibodies, also known as immunoglobulins.
What are B Lymphocytes?
In 1980, this group determined smallpox extinct, a huge step in history marking global eradication of a disease for the first time.
What is the World Health Organization?
This ethical principle involves the equitable distribution of benefits and burdens of research, ensuring that vulnerable populations are not unfairly targeted.
What is justice?
Batches of polio vaccine, administered from this laboratory, resulted in a disaster where live polio was given to patients.
What is Cutter Laboratory?
Human papillomavirus vaccine platform
What is virus-like particle?
The thymus is a primary organ for the development and maturation of these immune system cells, crucial for orchestrating the cellular immune response.
What are T Lymphocytes?
Jenner's first vaccination experiment involved infecting a child with pus from a sore of a woman with this profession.
What is a milkmaid?
Before a new vaccine is approved for widespread use, it typically undergoes rigorous testing in this phase of clinical trials to evaluate its safety and effectiveness.
What is Phase 3?
Human serum had been used in this vaccine until 1942, when over 300,000 soldiers were given a vaccine with Hepatitis B in it.
This modern day vaccine platform development is marked by the mimicking of dendritic cell function which leads to a faster, more controlled immune response.
What is Artificial Antigen Presenting Cell platform?
These small proteins, produced by cells of the immune system, act as messengers to regulate and coordinate immune responses.
What are cytokines?
This man was the first London surgeon to vaccinate, praising Jenner for his revolutionary medical discovery.
Who is Henry Cline?
This term refers to the honest and transparent reporting of research findings without selective omission or manipulation.
What is research integrity?
This term for the collective immunity in a population, often achieved through vaccination, that helps protect individuals who cannot be immunized and contributes to the eradication of a disease.
What is herd immunity?
in this vaccination platform, this genetic material is encapsulated in a lipid nanoparticle to provide stability.
What is mRNA?
Upon encountering an antigen, B cells can undergo this process, creating a diverse pool of antibody-producing cells.
What is somatic hypermutation?