Atomic history and models
All about atoms
Half Lives and radioactive decay
Drawing Models
Using the periodic table
100
These elements are what Aristotle believed created all matter.
Earth, wind, water, fire
100
What is the mass at the center of the atoms composed of protons and neutrons called?
The Nucleus.
100
Long term exposure to radioactive decay can give what disease to your cells?
Cancer
100
draw and explain the plum pudding model by Thomson.
It should be a large circle with electrons dotted throughout a sphere of positive charge.
100
What are the rows and columns in the periodic table called?
Rows - periods
Columns - Groups
200
- All elements are composed of atoms
-All atoms of the same element have the same mass
-Compounds are made of more than one element
John Dalton theory
200
Fill in the blank:
Protons: 68
Neutrons:68
Electrons: ?
68
Each protons has +1 charge, which attracts 1 electron of -1 charge.
200
A sample of Carbon has a half life of 3,200 years. We can date an artifact using its carbon back to 6,400 years ago. How many half lives have passed?
2 half lives
6,400y /3,200y =2 half lives.
200
Draw an electron orbital diagram for Carbon. please add the correct number of protons and neutrons.
Atomic number 6, Atomic mass number 12, group 14, period 2.
Mr.M will draw
200
how many valence electrons are on phosphorus?
group 15 - (15 - 10 since its past 2nd group) =
5 valence electrons
300
This caused the light within the metal tubes to bend in response to the positive plate Thomson placed near the glass.
negative electric charge/ electrons
300
The atomic number of Germanium is 32.
It has a mass number of 72.63.
How many neutrons are there?
40
Mass number (72 whole neutrons) - atomic number (32 protons) = neutrons (40)
300
11448 Cd -> xyZ + 42He
11448 Cd -> xyZ + 42He
114-4 = x = 110 = atomic mass
48 - 2 = y = 46 = atomic number300
Draw rutherfords model
Mr.M will draw.
300
How many man made elements reside in the actinides?
11 (Atomic numbers 93-103)
400
This experiment, proposed by Rutherford, discovered that atoms are not solid but actually a small nucleus with electrons surrounding it.
The gold foil experiment.
400
What is the maximum number of electrons allowed in the 3rd orbital of an atom?
18.
(Remember, we start with 2, skip the 10 transition metals up to 12, then add in the rest of the valence till we hit 18.)
400
Give the atomic mass number, atomic number, and element or electron of both an alpha and gamma particle
Alpha particle - 2 protons and 2 neutrons
42He
Beta particle - electron
0-1e
400
Draw an electron orbital diagram of Selenium. you may use use numbers on each orbital rather than separate dots.
Atomic number 34, Period 4, group 16.
Mr.M will draw
400
Label all groups or sections of the periodic table. First hand up must immediately fill in all on the board with no help from team.
500
Electron shells were more aptly described using mathematical equations by the morally questionable scientist Erwin Schrodinger using this branch of physics.
Quantum Physics
500
DOUBLE JEOPARDY!!!
Chlorine consists of two major isotopes, one with 18 neutrons (75.77 percent of natural chlorine atoms) and one with 20 neutrons (24.23 percent of natural chlorine atoms). The atomic number of chlorine is 17 (it has 17 protons in its nucleus). What is its Atomic Mass number?
Show your work!!!
1. (17 + 18 = 35 amu) and (17 + 20 = 37 amu)
2. (35 amu x .7577) + (37 amu x .24.23)
3. 26.5195 + 8.9651 = 35.4846 amu
Tie breaker goes to whoever has all units, or can tell me what kind of orbitals Hydrogen has.
500
You start with an whole sample of Rubidium, with a half life of 200 minutes. The sample is taken out of storage for 4 hours. What percent is left of the sample afterwards?
35%
4 hours = 320 minutes 320/200 = 1.6
.6 x .5 = .3 (turning a half life into more of a third life)
100% x.5 = 50% .5 x ((1 -.3) This gives us the remaining percentage, not whats removed by the third life) = .35 or 35%
500
As elements move between energy levels, energy is absorbed or expelled. the lower they go, the more energy is expelled. Name two different phenomena that explains the release and absorbtion of energy.
Release - fireworks exploding (light and heat), food in the microwave heating up (electrons are released and heat is expelled), flashlights.
Absorbtion - Darkness (easy to expell, energy wants to be released) lack of heat when freezing something (opposite reaction, creates easier to expel energy orbitals, explaining why it takes more energy to freeze something then heat it.)
500
Everyone flip over your periodic tables. What three traits would Barium show that Oxygen would not?
Three traits of a metal:
Shiny, Malleable, and conductive.