Initial Training
An error in reasoning, whether spoken or thought, intentional or unintentional, that appears to be valid, right, and true but is actually mistaken or false because of faulty logic
What is a fallacy?
An appeal to pathos
What is another phrase used for an appeal to emotion?
An appeal to ethos
What is another phrase for an appeal to credibility?
An appeal to logos
What is another phrase for an appeal to credibility?
The princess deliberately uses negative descriptive words to try to persuade her father to agree with her so that she can ignore her commitment to the "nasty" frog.
What is an example of slanting?
A right of fitting call to the listener to feel appropriate emotions, like compassion, pity, fear, guilt, shame, ord desire, that are suited to a particular situation.
What is an appeal to emotion
A fallacy in which the arguer claims that something is good merely because it is difficult.
What is an appeal to rigor?
A fallacy in which the speaker distracts the listener by attacking the arguer instead of the argument.
A fallacy of ambiguity in which the arguer uses the same word but with two different meanings in an argument.
What is an equivocation fallacy?
Even though the flies do not understand him, the tailor uses ambiguous terms while speaking to them. Instead of giving them the "gift" of a piece of cloth, he changes the meaning of the words give and gift to decive the flies so he can "give them" the "gift" of the cloth in such a way that it kills them.
What is an example of equivocation?
A right or fitting call to the listener to believe the speaker because of his or her character, ethics, expertise, or morals.
What is an appeal to credibility
An appeal that diverts the listener from considering the truth of an argument by urging him or her to act out of fear of physical or social consequences.
What is an appeal to force?
A fallacy in which the arguer claims that because he or she is the sole believer that something is true, then the arguer must be right, regardless of the evidence.
What is a romantic rebel fallacy?
A fallacy of ambiguity that contains biased words, loaded language, or euphemisms intended to lead the listener to agree with the speaker's evaluation of the idea
What is a slanting fallacy?
A rhetorical device in which a word is repeated, but the second time it is used it bears an intentionally different meaning to bring new understanding. Not to be confused with the equivocation fallacy.
What is an antanaclasis?
A right or fitting call to the listener's reason or understanding that leads to truth.
An appeal to act out of fear of predicted but unlikey bad outcomes.
What is an appeal to worse-case scenario?
An appeal to a person's credibility as evidence even though the person is not reliable or relevant as an authority.
What is an appeal to authority fallacy?
A fallacy of distraction used to purposefully introduce an unrelated issue to distract the listener from drawinga conclusion.
What is a red herring fallacy?
And the camel humphed himself, humph and all, where the repeated use of the word "humphed" (verb) and "humph" (noun) is used as an antanaclasis.
What is an example of a right appeal to logic that appears to be an equivocation?
A distracting, out-of-proportion, or manipulative appeal to emotions like fear, guilt, shame, pity, love, or desire alone instead of an appeal to relevant information, evidence, or a logical argument.
What is a false appeal to emotion?
An appeal in which the arguer urges the listener to desire to belong to a select group or to keep the group exclusive
What is an appeal to inner ring?
A fallacy in which the arguer claims that something is good or bad based on its newness or oldness.
What is a chronological snobbery fallacy?
A fallacy of distraction in which the arguer distorts the argument for ease of defeating it.
What is a strawman fallacy.
The astute fish now seeks to persuade the whale to listen to the man because he is, as the fish carefully describes him, "a man of infinite-resource-and sagacity."
What is an example of a slanting fallacy?