US History 1
The attempt by one country to establish settlements and to impose its political, economic, and cultural principles in another territory.
What is COLONIALISM?
A religious group who wanted to purify the Church of England. They came to America for religious freedom and settled Massachusetts Bay. They had a strict way of life and also prioritized education for all of their citizens- they believed all citizens should be able to read the bible. They also organized their colonies into towns and cities.
Who is the PURITANS?
New Atlantic trade systems were made because of European empires in the Americas. Enslaved Africans were transported in horrific journeys from Africa to the colonies in North America, the Caribbean and South America.
What is the TRANS-ATLANTIC SLAVE TRADE?
Cash crop that eventually made a profit and contributed to the economic success of Jamestown.
What is TOBACCO?
An attempt by one country to impose political and economic control over another country.
What is IMPERIALISM?
Refers to the English colonies in North America; Colonists claimed the original 13 colonies as well as the Ohio river valley
What is NEW ENGLAND?
French colony in North America, with a capital in Quebec, founded 1608. Mostly present day Quebec BUT they also claimed the Ohio River valley. New France fell to the British in 1763 after losing the French & Indian War
What is NEW FRANCE?
Spanish colonial possessions in North America including pretty much everything West of the Mississippi, Florida, present day Mexico and Central/South America.
What is NEW SPAIN?
This colony was formed primarily as a money making enterprise. The Virginia Company (and wealthy sponsors) were hoping the colonists would find gold and get rich
What is MOTIVES FOR THE CREATION OF JAMESTOWN?
These colonists were seeking religious freedom and toleration (for themselves, not necessarily for other religions)
What is MOTIVES FOR THE CREATION OF THE NEW ENGLAND/MASSACHUSETTS BAY COLONY?
Colonists who received free passage to North America in exchange for working without pay for a certain number of years. In the 1700s, they decline in numbers and inversely, the number of enslaved people increase.
Who is INDENTURED SERVANTS?
An English policy of not strictly enforcing laws in its colonies in the early years. This led to a strong tradition of local government.
What is SALUTARY NEGLECT?
A three way system of trade during 1600-1800s Africa sent slaves to America, America sent Raw Materials to Europe, and Europe sent manufactured goods to America, and Europe sent Guns and goods to Africa.
What is TRINGULAR TRADE?
Religious revival in the American colonies of the eighteenth century during which a number of new Protestant churches were established. This lessened support for the monarchy as people abandoned the Anglican church for newer colonial churches
What is GREAT AWAKENING?
(1754-1763- 9 years) War fought in the colonies between the English colonists (and some soldiers) and the French colonists (and some soldiers) for possession of the Ohio Valley area. The English won.
What is the FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR?
Colony settled by the Pilgrims. It eventually merged with Massachusetts Bay colony.
Established in 1587. Called the Lost Colony. It was financed by Sir Walter Raleigh, and its leader in the New World was John White. All the settlers disappeared, and historians still don't know (for sure) what became of them.
What is ROANOKE?
The first permanent English settlement in North America, found in East Virginia in 1607. The environment here was swampy and not well suited to long term health. Additionally, they landed in the middle of the Powhatan Confederacy's territory and kicked off a period of nearly constant warfare. After the colony nearly failed, the British government (aka the King and his delegates) took on a more active role in the colonies.
What is JAMESTOWN?
Colony founded in 1630 by John Winthrop, part of the Great Puritan Migration, founded by puritans. Had a theocratic republic at first (which means that decisions in the colony were made by leaders who were both religious and political leaders).
What is MASSACHUSETTS BAY COLONY?
The name for the larger conflict between England and France which took place not only in North America, but in Europe, India, the Caribbean and West Africa.
What is the 7 YEAR WAR?
A company made up of a group of shareholders. Each shareholder contributes some money to the company and receives some share of the company's profits and debts.
What is a JOINT STOCK COMPANY?
A plan proposed by Benjamin Franklin in 1754 that aimed to unite the 13 colonies for trade, military, and other purposes; the plan was turned down by the colonies and the Crown.
What is ALBANY PLAN?
An economic policy under which nations sought to increase their wealth and power by selling more goods than they bought-- particularly using their colonies as a captive market
What is MERCANTILISM?
Stated that no colonists could settle in lands to the west of the Appalachian mountains-- made the colonists very unhappy and becomes a long term cause of the Revolutionary war.
What is the PROCLAMATION LINE OF 1763?
Ended the French and Indian War. The British get the Ohio River Valley and the French agree to vacate. However... to pay for their new land and war/debt costs, the British tax the Colonists at higher rates than before. This becomes a long term cause of the Revolution.