Renaissance Basics
What does the word Renaissance mean?
Rebirth
What intellectual movement emphasized human potential, education and the study of classical texts?
Humanism
Who painted the Mona Lisa?
Leonardo da Vinci
Who is most closely associated with beginning the Protestant Reformation in Germany?
Martin Luther
What were followers of Martin Luther called?
Lutherans
Where did the Renaissance begin?
Italy
What ancient civilizations provided many of the ideas and artistic models studied during the Renaissance?
Ancient Greece and Rome
Who painted the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel?
Michelangelo
What document did Martin Luther write criticizing practices of the Catholic Church?
The 95 Theses
What was the Catholic Church's response to the Protestant Reformation called?
The Catholic Reformation or Counter Reformation
What period came immediately before the Renaissance?
The Middle Ages/Medieval Period
What Renaissance technique created the appearance of depth in paintings?
Perspective
Who wrote The Prince?
Niccolo Machiavelli
What church practice involving payments for reduced punishment for sins did Luther strogly criticize?
The sale of indulgences
What council addressed issues within the Catholic Church during the Counter Reformation?
Council of Trent
Identy two reasons why the Renaissance began in Italy
Wealthy city-states, Trade, No Wars, Location, Patrons, Greek/Roman Ideas
What was patronage?
Financial support given to artists, writers and scholars
What famous invention by Johann Gutenberg helped spread Renaissance ideas throughout Europe?
The printing press
What was issued by Charles V that ended fighting between Catholics and Protestants?
Peace of Augsburg
Name two effects of the Protestant Reformation
Protestant Churches, War/Conflicts, Religious diversity, Catholic reforms and unification, emphasis on education, political changes
Explain how trade contributed to the development of the Renaissance
Trade increased wealth in Italian city-states allowing merchants and wealthy families to sponsor artists and writers
How did humanism differ from the dominant medieval worldview?
painter, science, anatomy, engineering and invention - He was well rounded
What was Luther's main argument with the Catholic Church concerning salvation?
Salvation through faith
Explain how the Renaissance helped create conditions for the Protestant Reformation
Humanism encouraged people to question traditional authority and establish own ideas. Printing press spread writing and criticism of the Church