Bacteria
A tail-like structure that uses rotary motion to propel a bacterial cell forward
What is flagella
Two diseases caused by a pathogenic virus are
What are HIV/AIDS, chicken pox, small pox, measles, polio etc.
What is retrovirus
a type of RNA virus that replicates by using the enzyme reverse transcriptase to produce DNA from its RNA genome, which is then integrated into the host cell's DN
Whwn organisms get used to antibiotics
antibiotic resistance
General term for a prokaryotic cell with peptidoglygan in its cell wall
Bacteria
gene transfer mechanism where DNA is transferred directly from a donor to a recipient bacterium through physical contact, often mediated by a pilus is called
conjugation
two ways how antibiotics kill bacteria
disrupting the synthesis of their protective cell wall, leading to cell lysis (bursting),
or by inhibiting essential metabolic processes like protein synthesis and DNA replication, halting growth and causing death
The most common ways of prevention of viral diseases
What are vaccines
This group of microorganisms are prokaryotes, but don't have peptidoglycan in their wall and tend to live in extreme environments
Archaebacteria
Explain Lytic process in virus
The lytic cycle results in immediate, rapid replication and destruction (lysis) of the host cell.
The best way to treat an unknown viral infection is
what is bed rest
What are prions and name one disease they cause
proteinaceous infectious particles
mad cow disease
These are three ways in which bacteria can be considered good
What is bacteria in the gastrointestinal tract, use in the nitrogen cycle, and used to make foods such as yogurt and saurkraut
One benefit and one consequence of asexual reproduction are
What is benefit of rapid reproduction, and consequence as little genetic diversity
Explain Lysogenic process
the lysogenic cycle involves the virus integrating its DNA into the host genome, remaining dormant and replicating along with the host until a trigger induces the lytic cycle
Vaccines are used to prevent a pathogenic viral infection. How?
patient is given a weakened form of the virus so the immune system produces antibodies to protect from a future infection.
small, circular, double-stranded, extrachromosomal DNA molecule, typically found in bacteria and archaea, that replicates independently of the main bacterial chromosome
plasmid