Cranial Nerves Review/Bell's Palsy
Hearing Loss Review/Bell's Palsy
Cranial Nerve VII
Vision Loss Review
Vertigo Review/Bell's Palsy
100
In Bell's Palsy, which nerve is affected?
Bonus 100 points: What is the full name of our patient?
What is the facial nerve (CN VII)?
Bonus: Who is Helen Bradfield?
100
What is the term for age-related hearing loss?
What is Presbycusis?
100
Which gland is NOT innervated by Cranial Nerve VII?
What is the parotid gland?
100
The medial visual field is called the ____ visual field, while the lateral visual field is called the ___ visual field.
What is medial; what is temporal?
100
Explain the difference between prednisone and prednisolone.
What is Prednisone and prednisolone are extremely similar – prednisone is converted to prednisolone in the liver. Prednisone has a ketone on one of the carbon rings, where as prednisolone has a hydroxyl in that position?
200
You are so sad that we are not meeting in person for PIBL and you greatly miss Helena bringing bagels. You try to hide it, but a single tear drops down your cheek before you sign off of Zoom for the day. Which branch of the facial nerve is responsible for this action?
Bonus 200 points: What gland does it innervate?
What is the Greater Petrosal Branch
Bonus: What is the Lacrimal Gland?
200
Symptoms of this Ménière's Disease typically last for ___
Bonus 200 points: Ménière's Disease is due to an accumulation of ___?
What is hours?
Bonus: What is endolymph?
200
Name the 3 branches of CN VII.
Bonus 200 points: Give the (general) functions of all of these branches.
What is the Greater Petrosal Branch, the Corda Tympani Branch, and the Facial Proper Branch?
200
_____ Membrane (located within the retina) is a protective factor against neovascularization.
Bonus 200 points: This provides protection against which 2 diseases?
What is Bruch's?
Bonus: What is Wet Age-Related Macular Degeneration and Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy?
200
_____ Nystagmus is strongly associated with Central Vertigo.
What is vertical?
300
What is the class and MOA of acyclovir?
What is acyclovir is a synthetic analog of guanosine, antiviral against HSV1, HSV2, VZV; competitive inhibitor of viral DNA polymerase, incorporates into viral DNA chain and terminates polymerization?
300
______ is caused by a benign tumor of CN VIII, and causes ______ (unilateral or bilateral) hearing loss.
What is vestibular schwannoma; unilateral?
300
CN VII innervates many of the muscles of the face. What prominent facial muscle is NOT innervated by CN VII?
Bonus 300 points: Which muscles (innervated by CN VII ) are responsible for smiling? :D
What is the masseter muscle?
Bonus: What are the major and minor zygomaticus muscles?
300
A _____ tumor will often result in tunnel vision, because it obstructs the _____
What is pituitary; optic chiasm?
300
Which type of vertigo should you suspect if the patient had a recent upper respiratory infection?
What is labrynthitis?
400
Helen decides to eat some delicious ice cream to cope with her new diagnosis, but is sad when she is unable to taste it on the tip of her tongue. Explain the mechanism by which this occurs (be specific).
Bonus 400 points: Which virus is noted to be implicated in causing Bell's Palsy?
What is the Corda Tympani branch of CN VII provides sensory innervation to the anterior two-thirds of the tongue?
Bonus: What is Herpes Virus?
400
In a Rinne Test, air conduction is said to be louder than bone conduction in _____ (2)?
What is normal? What is sensorineural hearing loss?
400
After exiting through the internal acoustic meatus, CN VII passes through one more structure before being released to innervate the muscles of the face. Name this structure.
What is the stylomastoid foramen?
400
Describe why the cup-to-disc ratio is enlarged in glaucoma.
What is - the neuroretinal disc (a collection of axons making up the border of the optic nerve) is progressively destroyed, forming a larger central lumen?
400
What is the class and MOA of prednisolone?
What is synthetic glucocorticoid; enters nucleus, binds & activates nuclear receptors to inhibit pro-inflammatory cytokine production?
500
This condition involves stiffening of the stapes footplate and presents as progressive hearing loss of one or both ears over time.
What is otosclerosis?
500
The innervation of which muscle causes Bell's Palsy patients to experience hyperacusis?
Bonus 500 points: What other muscle is used in dampening loud noise to protect the ear from damage?
What is the stapedius muscle? (The stapedius muscle is innervated by CN VII).
Bonus: What is the tensor tympani?
500
Name the five branches of the Facial Nerve Proper branch of CN VII, in order of most superior to most inferior.
What is Temporal, Zygomatic, Buccal, Mandibular, and Cervical?
500
xName the type of vision loss seen in this fundus exam
What is Central Retinal Vein occlusion?
500
The Dix-Hillpike Test will elicit symptoms in this type of vertigo.
Bonus: What is the treatment for this disease?
What is Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo (BPPV)?
What is BPPV often can be treated with head-tilting maneuvers, such as the Epley maneuver, that remove the crystalline otoconia from the semicircular canal.