Intro to Biology
Considered the basic unit of life.
What is the cell?
This is a mnemonic device used to remember the most common elements or atoms found in living organisms.
What is CHNOPS?
Sucrase and lactase are these kind of molecules.
What are enzymes?
A bacterium is this type of cell.
What is prokaryotic?
This is the type of cell reproduction involved in embryonic development.
What is mitosis?
Trees obtain the mass to grow primarily by breathing in this molecule.
What is carbon dioxide?
Carbohydrates, like glucose, are converted into this higher energy molecule abbreviated using three letters.
What is ATP?
Elemental sodium and elemental chloride exchange electrons to form table salt, which involves forming this type of bond.
What is an ionic bond?
This is the type of molecule that has a head and a tail and makes up the bilayer of a plasma membrane.
What is phospholipid?
Proteins that are embedded in the plasma membrane and function to transport small ions across the surface of the cell are called this.
What are protein channels?
During mitosis, the DNA condenses into structures called this.
What are chromosomes?
This organelle is the reason that animals need to breathe.
What is the mitochondria?
At each level of complexity in the biological hierarchy, new properties called ___________ properties are found.
What is emergent?
What type of bond is formed between water molecules?
What is a hydrogen bond?
Globular proteins have a complex 3-D structure that tends to unfold easily at high temperatures in a process called this.
What is denaturation?
The protein skeleton of the cell that allows for the maintenance of cell shape, cell movement, and cell contraction in muscle cells is called this.
What is the cytoskeleton?
The information in the DNA molecule is converted to mRNA and then ultimately into this type of organic molecule.
What is protein?
When you heat water and it turns into steam, you are breaking this type of chemical bond.
What are hydrogen bonds?
A type of information that claims to be well supported by experimental evidence, but is actually not peer-reviewed, is called this.
What is pseudoscience?
Pure, or distilled water, has a pH of this?
What is a pH of 7.0?
This is the type of lipid produced by most plants to store energy (in comparison to animal fat).
What is unsaturated fats (or tryglycerides)?
This organelle has ribosomes attached to it and functions in the production of proteins.
What is the rough endoplasmic reticulum or rough E.R.?
Within the nucleus of an eukaryotic cell, the DNA is wrapped around this type of protein?
What is a histone protein?
This is the immortal and cancerous cell lineage that is cultivated labs world-wide.
What are HeLa cells?
The cell theory states that all cells today come from this.
What are pre-existing cells.
An acid can be defined as something that releases these in a solution of water.
What is hydrogen ions?
Cholesterol, estrogen and testosterone are all this type of lipid.
What is estrogen?
This cellular organelle produces lipids.
What is the smooth E.R.?
The stage of mitosis where the replicated chromosomes line up in the center of the cell is called this.
What is metaphase?
This is the process called when, each time a cell undergoes mitosis, its chromosomes lose some DNA at their telomeres.
What is the mitotic clock?
A genetically determined trait that increases the probability that an organism will reproduce and produce viable offspring is called this.
What is an adaptation?
Nitrogen is an element that consists of atoms that have an atomic weight of 14. This means that is has this as its atomic number?
What is seven?
This is the type of metabolism involved in the building of organic molecules.
What is anabolism?
When cells break down glucose to produce ATP, this is a waste product that is elimated from the body.
What is carbon dioxide?
In animals, meiosis occurs only in these two organs.
What is ovaries and testes?
This is the random exchange of DNA between replicated homologous chromosomes during meiosis.
What is crossing over?