ENERGY
WHAT IS CELLULAR ENERGY
ATP
WHAT IS A REDOX REACTION?
REACTIONS THAT EXCHANGE ELECTRONS
WHAT ARE THE TWO PRIMARY REACTIONS OF PHOTOSYNTHESIS?
LIGHT REACTIONS; DARK REACTIONS
WHAT TYPES OF ORGANISMS CARRY OUT PHOTOSYNTHESIS?
PLANTS, ALGAE - ANY ORGANISM WITH A CHLOROPLAST
WHAT HAPPENS TO THE BOOSTED ELECTRONS FROM PSII IN THE LIGHT REACTIONS?
MOVE DOWN A SERIES OF PROTEINS THAT PUMP H+ INTO THE THYLAKOID SPACE BEFORE LANDING IN PS I'S REACTION CENTER
WHAT ARE AT LEAST TWO SOURCES OF ENERGY FOR BIOLOGICAL ORGANISMS
CHEMICAL, POTENTIAL AND KINETIC
When a reactant gains electrons during a redox reaction, it is called ______?
REDUCED
WHERE DO THE LIGHT REACTIONS TAKE PLACE?
IN THE THYLAKOID MEMBRANE OF THE CHLOROPLAST
THE TWO PRIMARY LIGHT FFREQUENCIES USED IN PHOTOSYNTHESIS ARE ___ AND ___.
BLUE LIGHT (roughly 430–450 nm) and RED LIGHT (roughly 640–660 nm)
WHAT HAPPENS TO THE BOOSTED PSI ELECTRONS?
MOVE THROUGH ANOTHER PROTEIN CHAIN AND FINALLY INTO NADP+ REDUCTASE THAT REDUCES THEM INTO NADPH.
EXERGONIC REACTIONS __________.
ENDERGONIC REACTIONS__________.
RELEASE ENERGY; REQUIRE ENERGY
WHEN A MOLECULE LOSES AN ELECTRON IN A REDOX REACTION IT IS _____.
OXIDIZED
WHERE DO THE DARK REACTIONS TAKE PLACE?
STROMA OF THE CHLOROPLAST
WHICH LIGHT FREQUENCY IS NOT TYPICALLY USED IN PHOTOSYNTHESIS?
GREEN LIGHT (500-550nm)
WHAT HAPPENS TO THE ACCUMULATED H+ INSIDE THE THYLAKOID SPACE?
THEY MOVE THROUGH ATP SYNTHASE TO PRODUCE ATP USED IN THE DARK REACTIONS
ENZYMES LOWER THE _____ OF A REACTION.
ACTIVATION ENERGY
IN THE FOLLOWING REACTION, WHICH MOLECULE IS OXIDIZED:
C6H12O6 + O2 ------- CO2 + H20 + Energy
C6H12O6 (GLUCOSE)
PHOTOSYNTHESIS:
H2O + CO2 + SUNLIGHT ----- C6H12O6 + O2
WHERE DOES THE WATER COME FROM?
THE ROOTS
WHAT DO THE PHOTONS DO WHEN THEY ARE ABSORBED BY THE CHLOROPLAST?
ENERGIZE 2 ELECTRONS
WHY ARE THE DARK REACTIONS REFERRED TO AS CARBON FIXATION?
THE TAKE CARBON FROM A GASEOUS FORM AS CO2 AND "FIX" IT INTO A SOLID FORM AS SUGAR.
NAME THE LAWS OF THERMODYNAMICS RELATED TO ENERGY USE IN A CELL.
1ST LAW: ENERGY CANNOT BE CREATED OR DESTROYED; ONLY TRANSFORMED.
2ND LAW: EVERY TRANSFORMATION RELEASES ENTROPY
WHICH MOLECULE IS REDUCED IN THE FOLLOWING REACTION?
C6H12O6 + O2 ------- CO2 + H20 + Energy
O2 (into H2O)
PHOTOSYNTHESIS:
H2O + CO2 + SUNLIGHT ----- C6H12O6 + O2
WHERE DOES THE CO2 COME FROM?
THE ATMOSPHERE - AIR AROUND THE PLANT
WHAT STRUCTURE OR MOLECULE ACTUALLY ABSORBS THE LIGHT IN PHOTOSYNTHESIS?
CHLOROPHYLL a and b. PRIMARY ELECTRON RECEPTORS
HOW DOES THE CO2 USED IN THE CALVIN CYCLE GET INTO THE STROMA?
DIFFUSES THROUGH THE STOMATA ON THE UNDERSIDE OF THE LEAF.