Chapter 2
These cells lack a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles.
What are prokaryotic cells?
This macromolecule is hydrophobic and includes fats and oils.
What are lipids?
This organelle contains DNA and controls cell activities.
What is the nucleus?
This process expels materials out of the cell using vesicles.
What is exocytosis?
This stage produces the most ATP using an electron transport chain.
What is oxidative phosphorylation?
In DNA, adenine pairs with this base.
What is thymine?
This macromolecule includes sugars and starches
What are carbohydrates?
This organelle produces ATP (energy) for the cell.
What is the mitochondia?
This process brings large materials into the cell using vesicles.
This cycle produces NADH and FADHâ‚‚ in the mitochondria.
What is the Krebs cycle?
This type of bond forms when atoms share electrons.
What is a covalent bond?
This macromolecule is made of amino acids.
What are proteins?
This organelle is the site of protein synthesis.
What are ribosomes?
This type of endocytosis engulfs large particles like bacteria.
What is phagocytosis?
This molecule is the final electron acceptor in cellular respiration.
What is oxygen?
This process breaks down molecules by adding water.
What is hydolysis?
This macromolecule stores genetic information.
What are nucleic acids?
This organelle is responsible for digestion and waste breakdown.
What are lysosomes?
This solution causes water to enter the cell due to lower external solute concentration.
What is a hypotonic solution?
This stage of respiration breaks glucose into two pyruvate molecules in the cytoplasm.
What is glycolysis?
This molecule is the monomer of proteins.
What is an amino acid?
This type of reaction builds macromolecules by removing water.
What is dehydration synthesis?
This organelle modifies and packages proteins.
What is the golgi apparatus?
This solution causes water to leave the cell due to higher external solute concentration.
What is a hypertonic solution?
This step converts pyruvate into acetyl-CoA before the Krebs cycle.
What is pyruvate oxidation?