Transcription
Where is DNA found in a Eukaryote?
Nucleus
Which nitrogenous base is only found in DNA?
Thymine
List the nitrogenous bases.
Adenine, Guanine, Cytosine, Uracil, Thymine
What is rRNA?
Ribosomal RNA
The genetic code is used by every organism to exist, making it _.
Universal
What enzyme is responsible for transcription?
RNA polymerase
If the coding strand is 5' ATTGCGA 3', what is the code of the mRNA stand?
5' AUUGCGA 3'
What pentose sugar is found in mRNA?
Ribose
What is the last ribosomal site that the tRNA travels through?
E site
What amino acid corresponds to AUG?
Methionine
Which part of the pre-mRNA must be removed before leaving the nucleus?
Introns
What molecule binds to the promoter region to help RNA polymerase initiate transcription?
Sigma factor
Which end of a nucleotide is the growing end?
3'
DAILY DOUBLE
Which ribosomal subunit is the first to attach to the mRNA strand?
Small subunit
What happens after the translation of a stop codon?
The ribosome dissociates, the tRNA leaves, the peptide chain is free
DAILY DOUBLE
What complex of molecules is responsible for the modification of mRNA?
Spliceosome
If the mRNA sequence is 5' GUACUUCGA 3', what is the coding strand?
3' CATGAAGCT 5'
How many phosphate groups can be found in free nucleotides?
3
What site in a ribosome forms the peptide bonds between amino acids?
P site
If UGU is accidentally changed to UGA, what is the effect on the final
UGU = Cystine, UGA = STOP
Premature stop
What is a specific region of DNA that initiates transcription?
What modifications must be made to pre-mRNA in eukaryotes before translation can occur?
Poly-A tail, 5' cap, removal of introns
What type of covalent bond is formed between nucleotides?
Phosphodiester
Template strand: 3' GCTCCAAGTGCAGTA 5'
What is the resulting polypeptide chain?
Arg-Gly-Ser-Arg-His
What must happen to the polypeptide chain before it is a finished protein? (Central Dogma)
Protein folding