PNS
How many pairs of cranial nerves emerge from the brain?
12! (Review: State whether they are sensory, motor, or mixed.)
What makes up the CNS
Brain and Spinal Cord
What are the two main divisions of the nervous system
CNS and PNS (Review: What structures are mainly found in each division?)
Inflammation of the meninges
Meningitis
Erm so the funny bone isn't even a bone, what is it??
Ulnar nerve!
31 pairs of these nerves emerge from the spinal cord
Spinal Nerves (Review: Spinal nerve, dorsal root, ventral root -> what contains sensory info, motor info, or both?)
What is responsible for higher thought (consciousness)
Cerebral Cortex
This is the functional cell of the nervous system that transmits impulses
Neuron (Review: what is another name for a neuron?)
Interrupted blood supply to the brain causes this condition
Stroke (aka ____)
What is the "feel good" neurotransmitter that is tied to the "reward system" of the brain, which is also lost in a certain disease!?
Dopamine
What division of the PNS controls voluntary skeletal muscle?
Somatic NS
These three membranes protect the brain and spinal cord
Meninges Review: What are the three layers and their characteristics)
This fatty insulation speeds up impulse conduction
Myelin (sheath)
This autoimmune disease attacks myelin in the CNS
MS (Multiple Sclerosis)
Tapping just below the kneecap, checks a simple, rapid, involuntary response, which is called a what?
Patellar (knee jerk) REFLEX
This autonomic division is known as “fight or flight”
Sympathetic NS/division (Review: What is another name for the ANS?)
What coordinates balance and smooth muscle movement?
Cerebellum
This is the junction where a neuron communicates with another cell
Synapse (Review: What are the two types of synapses and where can they be found)
Loss of dopamine producing neurons leads to tremors and slowed movement in this disease
Parkinson's dieseaseeeeeeeeeee
This three acronym is fluid that cushions the brain and is withdrawn during a lumbar puncture
CSF (cerebrospinal fluid) (Review: what creates CSF? Where is CSF found?)
A cluster of neuron cell bodies located outside the CNS
Ganglion
What is the relay station of the brain
Thalamus
What are the chemical messengers that are released into the synaptic cleft
Neurotransmitters (Review: which type of synapse are these mainly used in?)
Pain radiating along the longest nerve in the body
Sciatica
A neuron that connects sensory and motor neurons within the CNS is called this
Interneuron (Review: what kind of (structural class) neuron is this?)
Cranial nerve X slows the heart rate
Vagus nerve
What thick fiber bundle connects the two cerebral hemispheres
Corpus Callosum (what does this structure allow for?)
This rapid electrical change travels along an axon
Action potential
Sudden, abnormal electrical activity in the brain characterizes this chronic disorder
Epilepsy (uncontrolled chronic seizures)
These specialized neural support cells are only found in the CNS
Astrocytes, Oligodendrocytes, Microglia, Ependymal cells (Review: What are their functions? Which neuroglia are only found in the PNS, and what are their functions)