Origin and Chemistry of Life
The age of Earth
4.6 billion years old
The first scientist to observe cells
Robert Hooke
Yeast use this process to divide.
Budding
Known as the "Father of Genetics"
Gregor Mendel
The bird that Darwin studied at the Galapagos Islands
Finches
The smallest unit of life
Cells
Antonie von Leeuwenhoek coined this term before we switched to using "microorganisms".
animalcules
A cell division process where somatic cells reproduce identical copies of themselves.
Mitosis
The effect that dominant alleles have on the recessive alleles.
Mask, hide
The ancestor that has led to the evolution of all living beings on Earth.
LUCA
Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Sulfur
The three components of Cell Theory
1) Cells are the basic unit of life.
2) All cells come from preexisting cells.
3) All organisms are made of cells.
Sperm and egg are examples of this cell type.
Gametes
DAILY DOUBLE!
The complete set of alleles for a gene
Genotype
The Endosymbiont Theory depicts these two organelles as primitive prokaryotes
Chloroplast and Mitochondria
The four types of macromolecules
Nucleic Acids, Proteins, Lipids, Carbohydrates
The main difference between prokaryotes and eukaryotes
Eukaryotes have nuclei and prokayotes do not.
Programmed cell death
apoptosis
The feature of the pea plant that revealed the recessive allele/trait.
Self-fertilization
The mode of evolution that introduces new alleles into the species' population
Mutations
A "cell-like" structure that facilitated the formation of life.
Liposomes
The cellular structure found in animals that is responsible for degrading materials.
lysosome
The steps of the mitotic stage in the cell cycle
Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase
The Law of Segregation states that they separate during gamete production (meiosis).
alleles
The discipline that looks at the traits of fetuses during development and can be used to establish common ancestry.
Embryology