DNA cloning & replication
define DNA cloning
a technique that can produce a large amount of a desired sequence
what does gel electrophoresis do? (big picture)
separate macromolecules by size and charge
what is a transgene?
the gene being introduced into a transgenic mouse
what is a hormone????
a signalling molecule that is secreted into the bloodstream, has an effect in tissues
what type of hormone is insulin?
peptide hormone
what are restriction enzymes
enzymes that recognize specific palindromic double-stranded DNA sequences
We're at a crime scene. The only evidence we have of the crime is a class with some saliva - and therefore DNA on it. If we amplify the DNA, we might be able to figure out who committed the crime. What technique should we use?
PCR!!
what are transgenic mice?
mice altered at their germ line by introducing a cloned gene into a fertilized ova or into embryonic stem cells
what type of hormones are derived from cholesterol?
steroid hormones
Baby A has two possible fathers. What technique can we use to get a substantive DNA sample to determine who the biological father is?
PCR!!!!
what are the three main steps of PCR?
denature, replicate, cooling
Daily double!! for 600:
what materials/things are needed for DNA sequencing?
(there are 5)
template, primers, DNA polymerase, bases and DIdeoxyribonucleaic acids -- which terminate the strand
what is a knockout mouse?
a mouse where a gene is intentionally deleted
what are tropic hormones/what is unique about what they need to have an effect?
they require an intermediate to act.
what are peptide hormones made out of?
amino acids
how do the DNA strands separate in PCR?
via heating
what type of gel is used for DNA? what type is used for proteins?
DNA = agarose
Proteins = polyacrylamide
what is a chimera?
what is the main function of thyroid hormones?
to regulate metabolism
which pituitary gland secretes prolactin?
anterior
what is a vector?
(usually, bacterial or viral) plasmids that can be transferred to a host bacterium after insertion of the DNA of interest
what is southern blotting used for?
used to detect the presence and quantity of various DNA strands in a sample
We are curious what will happen to Mickey Mouse if we delete the DNC gene (fake dance gene hehe) from a mouse. We think that Mickey will lose his ability to dance and perform. What type of test mouse should we use to accomplish this?
knockout mouse
what is the name for hormones derived from tyrosine?
catecholamines (some examples - dopamine, epinephrine!!)
have a fast onset but a short-lived response
what hormones are tied to the perception of pain?
endorphins