Cell Cycle & Cancer
The process by which one cell divides into two identical daughter cells.
What is mitosis?
A membrane is described as this because it allows some substances to pass but blocks others.
What is selectively permeable?
The molecule that stores and transfers usable cellular energy.
What is ATP?
The organelle where photosynthesis occurs.
What is the chloroplast?
The overall purpose of this process is to produce this particular molecule.
What is ATP?
Cells that contain only one set of chromosomes.
What are haploid (n) cells?
What is a tumor?
The diffusion of water across a membrane.
What is osmosis?
A biological catalyst that speeds up chemical reactions.
What is an enzyme?
The pigment that absorbs sunlight during photosynthesis.
What is chlorophyll?
The gas required for aerobic respiration.
What is oxygen?
The process that produces gametes, such as sperm and egg cells.
What is meiosis?
The stage of mitosis in which chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell.
What is metaphase?
The type of transport that moves molecules from high concentration to low concentration without energy input.
What is passive transport?
The overall process that includes all chemical reactions in a cell.
What is metabolism?
The two major stages of photosynthesis.
What are the light reactions and the Calvin cycle?
The step of cellular respiration that produces the most ATP.
What is ATP synthesis, or chemiosmosis, specifically?
Chromosome pairs that contain the same genes but may have different alleles.
What are homologous chromosomes?
These proteins monitor whether a cell is ready to move into the next phase of the cell cycle.
What are cell cycle checkpoints?
The membrane protein that uses ATP directly to move ions against their concentration gradient.
What is a protein pump? (I will be generous with the synonyms)
The overall equation represented by:
C6H12O6 + O2 -> CO2 + H2O + ATP
What is cellular respiration?
The gas used to build sugars during the Calvin cycle?
What is carbon dioxide?
Electron carrier molecules that transport high-energy electrons to the ETC.
What is NADH?
This is the ploidy (chromosome copy count) level of a cell before it undergoes meiosis.
What is diploid (2n)?
Tumors that invade nearby tissues and may spread throughout the body.
What are malignant tumors?
The transport protein is responsible for maintaining high Na+ outside the cell and high K+ inside the cell.
What is the sodium-potassium pump?
The type of reaction involving the transfer of electrons between molecules.
What is a redox reaction?
The process in the light reactions that uses electron movement to build proton gradients for ATP production.
What is an electron transport chain?
The membrane structure, powered by proton flow, that synthesizes ATP.
ATP synthase or ATPase?
The term for a fertilized egg that is formed when sperm and egg cells unite.
What is a zygote?
The four major stages of cancer progression include, mutation, uncontrolled growth, invasion, and this is the final stage.
What is metastasis?
The absorption of rare, valuable molecules into your cells is controlled by this process.
The physical location on an enzyme where the reaction occurs is referred to as this.
What is the active site?
This phrase describes another synonym for the Calvin cycle, referring to the creation of glucose.
What is carbon fixation?
The electron transport chain specifically uses which method of transport to create a high concentration of hydrogen ions?
What is active transport?
The condition in which a person has two identical alleles for a trait.
What is homozygous?