Eukaryotes
Organisms consisting of one or more cells, each with a nucleus and mitochondria.
What is eukaryotes?
A unicellular organism lacking membrane-bound organelles.
What is a prokaryote?
The theory that all organisms are related by a common ancestor and that they have changed over time.
The evolutionary history and relationships of a group of organisms.
Phylogeny
Rosalind Franklin revealed that a DNA molecule has a ____ structure, which consists of two anti-parallel strands.
What is double helix?
This type of eukaryote has cell walls made out of chitin.
What is a fungus?
This group of prokaryotes tends to be an extremophile and forms a clade with eukarya.
What is archaea?
Individuals with inherited adaptations to an environment are more likely to survive and produce fertile offspring.
What is Natural Selection?
A grouping on a phylogenetic tree that includes a common ancestor and all descendants of that ancestor.
What is a clade?
This experiment revealed the true mechanism behind DNA replication.
What is the Meselson-Stahl experiment?
This group of organisms has cells containing a nucleus, endoplasmic reticulum, and mitochondria, but they have no chloroplasts or cell walls.
What is an animal?
A type of bacterium that has cell walls composed of a thick layer of peptidoglycan.
The ability of an individual to survive and produce viable offspring in a given environment relative to others of the same species.
A diagram depicting the evolutionary relationships of all living things on Earth with a single common ancestor at its base node.
What is the Tree of Life?
A class of nitrogen-containing, double-ringed bases found in nucleotides, which includes guanine and adenine.
What is a purine?
This type of eukaryote is a paraphyletic group.
What is a protist?
A form of asexual reproduction used by prokaryotes whereby one cell splits into two identic cells.
What is binary fission?
Natural selection changes the genetic characteristics of the ____.
What is population?
An evolutionary unit that includes an ancestral population and some but not all of its descendants.
What is a paraphyletic group?
A technique for determining the three-dimensional structure of large molecules, which was used by Rosalind Franklin to provide experimental evidence for the structure of DNA.
X-ray crystallography
This theory explains how the eukaryotic nucleus and endoplasmic reticulum came into existence.
What is Infolding Theory?
Hair-like appendages that are found on the surface of many bacteria and specialize in the transfer of genetic material between bacteria.
What is pili?
Errors in DNA replication can lead to the following phenomenon, which is also responsible for variability of traits in a given population.
What is mutation?
The evolution of two or more distinct species from a single ancestor.
What is speciation?
Suppose that in the Meselson-Stahl experiment, all N15 (heavy) nucleotides also glowed green. If the CONSERVATIVE model were true, ____ percentage of DNA molecules would glow green in Generation 3.
What is 12.5%?