Carbohydrates & Lipids
Which macromolecule is the main source of short-term energy for cells?
Carbohydrates
What is the monomer of a protein?
Amino Acid
What are the two major types of nucleic acids?
DNA & RNA
Bread and pasta contain large amounts of this macromolecule.
Carbohydrates
A small building block used to make a larger molecule is called a ______.
Monomer
What is the monomer/building block of carbohydrates?
Monosaccharide
A chain of amino acids is called a ______.
Polypeptide
What is the monomer of a nucleic acid?
Nucleotide
Oils, Fats, and steroid belong to this group
Lipids
What do all molecules need in order to be considered Organic?
Carbon
What simple sugar (monosaccaride) is an important source of energy for cells?
Glucose
True/False: Proteins can act as chemical messengers in the body
TRUE: Hormones are a type of proteins
What is the type of bond that connects base pairs in DNA?
Hydrogen Bond
Enzymes belong to this macromolecule
Proteins
A large molecule made from many smaller repeating units is called a ______.
Polymer
Which macromolecule provides long-term energy storage, insulation, and protection?
Lipids
A _____ is an important type of protein because it _____ chemical reactions
Enzyme; speeds up the rate
What are the main functions of DNA and RNA?
DNA = Stores genetic information
RNA= instructinos used to make proteins
A molecule made of nucleotides and containing genetic information belongs to this group.
Nucleic Acids
The is the ratio for Carbohydrates?
1:2:1
Do lipids or Carbohydrates provide more energy? Why?
Lipids; contain many energy-rich hydrocarbon bonds / more C-H bonds.
A polypeptide contains 8 amino acids. How many bonds connect them? What is the name of these bonds?
7 peptide bonds
Which nitrogenous bases pair together in DNA?
A-T and C-G
A molecule contains mainly C, H, O, and N and is made from amino acids. Identify the macromolecule.
Proteins
What piece of the amino acid structure helps make this happen (give me the name of that structure)?
the "R" group.
A student needs energy immediately before a short race. Which macromolecule would be the better source of quick energy, carbohydrates or lipids, and why?
Carbohydrates, because they are used for short-term/quick energy.
Which nuleic acid provides the instructions to make proteins?
RNA
Explain how DNA and proteins are connected.
DNA contains the genetic instructions for making proteins, and proteins carry out many essential cell functions.
A molecule is used for long-term energy storage, insulation, and is also an important part of cell membranes. Identify the macromolecule
Lipids
A molecule contains carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and phosphorus. Which macromolecule would this most likely be?
Nucleic Acid