Water Cycle
What are the three states of water?
Solid, liquid, and gas.
What element is essential for DNA and plant growth?
Nitrogen.
What gas do plants take in during photosynthesis?
Carbon dioxide.
What gas is released when humans and animals breathe out?
Carbon dioxide.
What process forms clouds when water vapour cools?
Condensation.
What is evaporation?
The process of liquid water changing into water vapour.
What is nitrogen fixation?
The conversion of atmospheric nitrogen into ammonia by bacteria.
What gas do plants release during photosynthesis?
Oxygen.
Name one fossil fuel that stores carbon.
Coal, oil, or natural gas.
What is ammonification?
The breakdown of waste and dead organisms into ammonia by decomposers.
What is transpiration?
The release of water vapour from plants into the atmosphere.
What is nitrification?
The process in which bacteria convert ammonia into nitrites and then nitrates.
What are stomata?
Tiny openings in plant leaves that allow carbon dioxide to enter.
What organisms break down waste and return carbon to the atmosphere?
Decomposers.
How do animals obtain nitrogen?
By eating plants or other organisms containing nitrogen.
What is infiltration?
The process of water entering the ground.
What is assimilation?
The process by which plants absorb nitrates.
What sugar is produced during photosynthesis?
Glucose.
What gas is released during animal digestion?
Methane.
How are photosynthesis and cellular respiration connected?
Photosynthesis produces glucose and oxygen; cellular respiration breaks down sugars and produces carbon dioxide and water.
What is percolation?
The movement of water into the deeper layers of soil.
What is denitrification?
The process by which bacteria return nitrogen to the atmosphere.
What is ATP?
Adenosine triphosphate, the chemical that provides energy for living organisms.
What is diffusion in the carbon cycle?
The movement of carbon between the ocean and the atmosphere.
How does burning fossil fuels affect the carbon cycle?
It releases stored carbon into the atmosphere as carbon dioxide.