Reproductive System
Circadian Rhythm Regulation
Appetite Regulation
100
What did William Harvey discover in his natural experiment involving deer?
Aristotle's Seed and soil theory was incorrect
100
a hormone produced by the pineal gland within the brain in response to changes in light
Melatonin
100
What is Leptin
Leptin is a protein hormone secreted by adipose cells (fat storage cells).
200
What does the Y chromosome include which leads to male development?
SRY gene
200
a condition caused by traveling rapidly between time zones
Jet Lag
200
Leptin trials were initially conducted by surgically fusing the blood circulation of obese and healthy --?
Mice
300
In the absence of TDF protein which gonads develop?
female gonads
300
Jet lag is caused by this gland continuing to set a circadian rhythm for the point of origin rather than the current time zone.
Pineal Gland
300
What does overeating cause? (hint: what type of cells)
adipose cells to form and hence more leptin is produced, suppressing further appetite
400
A gene on the Y chromosome causes embryonic gonads to do what?
Develop as testes and secrete testosterone
400
What cells in the retina detect whether it is light or dark and send impulses to the suprachiasmatic nuclei (SCN) in the hypothalamus
Ganglion cells
400
Why did the treatments of leptin in obese humans fail?
Most cases of obesity in humans are due not to insufficient leptin secretion but to target cells in the hypothalamus being resistant to leptin. Injections of extra leptin, therefore, fail to control obesity in these patients.
500
What is structure (d) of the female reproductive system?
endometrium (lining of the uterus)
500
Name all the symptoms of jet lag
headaches, lethargy, increased irritability, and reduced cognitive function
500
Outline the discovery of the ob/ob mice and how it is linked to the role of leptin?
Breeding experiments showed that the obese mice had two copies of a recessive allele, ob. It was discovered that the wild-type allele of this gene supported the synthesis of a new hormone. It was named leptin, and was also found in humans.