CTOT
Of what common theory of truth is the Doctrine of Humors a good example?
What everyone believes (what is generally accepted)
A barnacle attaches itself to a surface and does not move after that. If something must exhibit movement to be considered alive, how can a barnacle be living?
The movement may be internal (e.g. internal circulation or movement of internal structures).
What is a hypothesis?
An educated guess that attempts to answer a question.
Who is known as the Father of Microscopy?
Anton van Leeuwenhoek
What is the name for the lenses on the nosepiece?
The objectives
Give an example of the Doctrine of Signatures?
A yellow lichen was used to treat liver disease which would make you turn yellow. A lichen that looked similar to a dog's tooth was used to treat rabies.
Why do electron microscopes have much greater resolution than light microscopes?
Electrons are much smaller than photons of light and many more of them can penetrate any given space on a specimen.
In our example of a controlled experiment for a product that is meant to grow hair on men, describe who would be the control group and who would be the experimental group?
The control group would be the men that received either a placebo or no treatment. The experimental group would be the men that use the new product.
What is the difference between a simple and compound microscope?
A simple microscope has one lens; a compound microscope has two lenses.
What is the name of part of the microscope that is used to make very small adjustments to the focus of the image?
Fine focus
Give an example of inductive reasoning.
Variable
What is the difference between a light microscope and an electron microscope?
A light microscope shoots light through the specimen, whereas an electron microscope shoots electrons at or through the specimen.
In our example of a controlled experiment for a product that is meant to grow hair on men, what is the independent variable and the dependent variable?
The independent variable is the hair growth product. The dependent variable is the growth (or lack of growth) of the hair.
If the ocular magnifies 10x and the objective magnifies 40x, what is the total magnification of the microscope?
400x (10 x 40)
What part of the microscope is used to control the amount of light getting into the specimen?
Diaphragm
Why was George Washington bled when he was sick and on his deathbed?
Because everyone believed that sickness was caused by an imbalance of the humors in the body. Bloodletting was performed to help restore this balance.
What does it mean for an organism to exhibit irritability?
It is the ability of an organism to react to its environment.
A scientist that works for a tobacco company tries to downplay the link between smoking and lung cancer. This is an example of _______ .
Bias
What is the difference between a transmission electron microscope (TEM) and a scanning electron microscope (SEM)? How do the images look different?
The TEM shoots electrons through a specimen, the SEM bounces electrons off of the surface of the specimen. The TEM will give you a cross-section (show you what is on the inside) where an SEM will show you a 3-D picture of the specimen, but not the inside.
What is the name of the flat surface of the microscope on which the slide is placed?
Stage
List the four humors described in the Doctrine of Humors.
Blood, Phlegm, Black Bile and Yellow Bile
What is meant when it is said that an organism must exhibit a high level of organization in order to be considered alive?
Organisms are organized into systems or organelles. Also, there are very complex compounds that are always being constructed by a living organism.
Name the seven steps of the scientific method.
Observe, Collect, Classify, Analyze, Choose, Verify, Predict
Name seven attributes of life.
Exhibit movement; Achieve growth; Reproduces; Comes from similar preexisting life; Has similar chemical makeup; Composed of at least one cell; Exhibits irritability; Requires energy; Maintains a high level of organization; Faces death
What does parfocal mean?
Once a specimen is in focus at a lower power objective, it will be nearly in focus at all the higher power objectives.