Nucleic Acids
DNA Replication
Transcription
Translation
Mitosis/Meiosis
100
Components of an RNA nucleotide
What is phosphate + ribose sugar + nitrogenous base
100
Names and directions of the two strands made during DNA Replication
What is leading (3'-5') and lagging (5'-3') strands?
100
Enzyme that makes RNA
What is RNA polymerase?
100
Name of triplet base-pairs on RNA
What is a codon?
100
Acronym for Mitosis phases and what each stands for...
What is PMAT? P: Prophase, M: Metaphase, A: Anaphase and T: Telophase
200
Number of hydrogen bonds between bases
What is three H bonds for GC and two for AT?
200
The platform that allows DNA replication to start
What is RNA primer?
200
Found at the 5'-end and 3'-ends of the RNA molecule
What is the 5'-methyl cap and the 3'-Poly-A tail?
200
Name given to third position of codon that sometimes allows changes in the third base-pair and helps suppress mutations in the resulting proteins?
What is the Wobble effect?
200
Phase during which chromosomes are pulled to the poles
What is Anaphase?
300
Composition of DNA double helix backbone
What is a sugar-phosphate backbone?
300
Short fragments of DNA made along the 5'-3' lagging strand
What is Okazaki fragments?
300
Leaves the nucleus through this
What is the nuclear pore?
300
Number of Stop codons and their letters
What is three Stop codons (UAG, UAA and UGA)?
300
Number of chromosomes each cell has at the end of Meiosis I?
What is 46 chromosomes?
400
Name of the phosphate end of nucleic acid and OH-sugar end of nucleic acid
What is the 5' phosphate end and the 3'-OH end?
400
DNA Replication is called a __________ process
What is semi-conservative?
400
Parts of RNA that are kept and parts of RNA that are spliced out
What are exons and introns?
400
Translate this RNA: AUG CAC ACA GAU UUU
What is the codons for Met-His-Thr-Asp-Phe?
400
Phase in which homologous chromosome pairs line up in the center of the cell
What is Metaphase I?
500
Two types of Nitrogenous bases. Give the two acronyms also
What is PuAG and PyCUT? Purines: Adenine and Guanine, Pyrimidines: Cytosine, Uracil and Thymine
500
Four DNA replication enzymes and their functions
What is Helicase (unwinds DNA), Primase (Forms short fragments of RNA strands/platforms so the DNA Polymerase can start making DNA), DNA Polymerase (makes DNA) and Ligase (combines the DNA Okazaki fragments together on the lagging strand)?
500
Mechanism that splices out introns and ligates together exons
What is the Spliceosome?
500
Four steps of translation
What is Initiation: The ribosome assembles around the target mRNA. The first tRNA is attached at the start codon. 2.Elongation: The tRNA transfers an amino acid to the tRNA corresponding to the next codon. 3.Translocation:The ribosome then moves (translocates) to the next mRNA codon to continue the process, creating an amino acid chain. 4.Termination: When a stop codon is reached, the ribosome releases the polypeptide.
500
In HUMAN sexual reproduction, number of sperm and eggs formed at the end of Meiosis
What is four sperm and ONE egg plus three polar bodies?
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