DNA
what DNA stands for
deoxyribonucleic acid
three nucleotides that encode for an amino acid
codon
type of cell division that results in gametes (half the normal chromosome number)
meiosis
jelly-like fluid that surrounds the organelles
cytosol
type of inheritance where a gene has more than two forms, as in ABO blood types
multiple allele
process where DNA is copied
replication
base in RNA that is not in DNA
uracil
actual combination of genes you inherit for a trait
genotype
"power plant" of the cell
mitochondrion
this law says genes will separate randomly when gametes are formed
law of segregation
"typographical error" in DNA
mutation
three types of RNA are ribosomal, transfer, and
messenger RNA
different forms of the same gene
allelles
makes proteins
ribosome
both alleles are equally expressed in the heterozygote
codominance
the bases in DNA are adenine, guanine, cytosine and
thymine
process where RNA is copied from DNA
transcription
this law states that dominant traits will be expressed even if other allelles are present
law of dominance
internal framework that gives shape to a cell
cytoskeleton
genes are inherited together, and don't follow the law of independent assortment
linkage
the structure of DNA
double helix
process where DNA bases connect and only one type fits with another
base pairing
type of inheritance where a trait is controlled by many pairs of genes
polygenic
substance in the nucleus that is the master control program of a cell
DNA
a gene that codes for a particular trait also affects an unrelated trait
pleiotropy