Genetics
This process creates new & identical cells.
mitosis
What is allele?
a different form of the same gene
What is a trait?
a specific characteristic or feature exhibited by an organism
two dominant alleles
One snapdragons in P generation is red and the other is white. What will the F1 generation outcome colour be?
pink
This process creates sperm & egg.
meiosis
What happens in crossing over?
exchange of chromosomal segments between a pair of homologous chromosomes
What was the organism Mendel studied?
Pea Plant
Why are there more examples of organisms that have trisomy compared to monosomy?
Monosomy tends to be more lethal for organisms developmentally.
What are Punnett squares?
the possible offspring that could be formed from the gametes of the parents
What is sexual reproduction?
reproduction that requires two parents and produces genetically distinct offspring?
co-dominance, incomplete dominance or multiple alleles
The DNA structure is called the....
double helix
What are the three outcomes of mutations?
beneficial, neutral or harmful
What are the complementary base pairs?
AT and CG
What is haploid?
Haploid - half the number of chromosomes
Distinguish between the terms phenotype and genotype?
combination of the alleles and the physical traits of an organism?
Genotype describes the genes of an organism and __________________ describes the way an organism looks.
phenotype
What is reproductive cloning?
process of producing a genetically identical offspring
What was Mendel's ratio for F2 generation?
3:1
A goat that has both red and white hair but its presented in patches. What type of inheritance is this called?
Codominance
A nucleotide is composed of 3 parts called...
sugar, phosphate and base