Photosynthesis
What powers Photosynthesis?
Sunlight
Where does Transcription occur?
The Nucleus
Why is DNA Replication called a "semi-conservative" process?
During DNA Replication, the 2 new molecules are made from 1 original strand and 1 new strand
What type of fermentation occurs when you do strenuous exercise?
Lactic Acid Fermentation
What is the key difference between Aerobic Respiration and Anaerobic Respiration?
Aerobic Respiration uses Oxygen
What are the reactants of Photosynthesis?
Oxygen, Carbon Dioxide, and solar energy
What is the process protein synthesis goes through to make the polypeptide?
DNA-->mRNA-->tRNA-->Ribosome (rRNA)
What enzyme unwinds the DNA molecule?
DNA Helicase
What are the products of Lactic Acid Fermentation?
Lactic Acid (Lactate), ATP, and carbon dioxide
How much ATP is made from the Krebs Cycle (Citric Acid Cycle)
2 ATP
What are the products of photosynthesis?
Glucose, and oxygen
What is the purpose of performing protein synthesis?
Building a polypeptide which can fold itself so it can help the cell's growth, repair, and metabolic processes as an enzyme
What strand do Okazaki Fragments appear on?
Lagging Strand
What are products of alcoholic fermentation?
Ethyl Alcohol (Ethanol), ATP, and Carbon Dioxide
How much ATP is made from the Electron Transport Chain?
32 ATP molecules
Where does most of the oxygen on Earth come from?
Most oxygen (~70%) comes from oceanic based plants and cynaobacteria
What are the bonds formed between the proteins after Translation called?
Peptide bonds
Where does DNA replicate bidirectionally? (2 directions)
DNA replicates from "origins of replication"which occur from 5' to 3' on one strand and 3' to 5' on the other strand.
What is the first stage of respiration that Fermentation and Aerobic Respiration both go through?
Glycolysis
What are the reactants of Aerobic Respiration?
Glucose, and oxygen
What is the energy flow of a plant during photosynthesis and respiration?
Solar energy-->Stored chemical energy-->Usable chemical energy
What would happen if the cell stopped performing protein synthesis?
The cell wouldn't be able to synthesize proteins, meaning its growth and repair would be catastrophic for the cell
What would be a side effect of a mutation in your DNA?
The altered DNA could cause genetic defects, which could lead to more health problems and proteins not made correctly
What is the key difference between Lactic Acid Fermentation and Alcoholic Fermentation?
Lactic Acid Fermentation only occurs in animals, and alcoholic fermentation occurs in fungi like yeast, and oxygen deprived plant cells
Why is Aerobic Respiration more efficient than fermentation?
It allows the complete dissolution of the glucose molecule which generates more ATP, while fermentation resolves in incomplete dissolution of the glucose