Cell Biology
What is the basic unit of life?
The Cell
What does DNA stand for?
Deoxyribonucleic acid
Which organ pumps blood throughout the body?
The heart
What shape are spherical bacteria called?
Cocci
What molecule is known as the energy currency of the cell?
ATP
Which organelle produces most of the cell's ATP?
Mitochondria
What are the four nitrogenous bases in DNA?
Thymine, Adenine, Cytosine, and Guanine
What is the largest organ in the human body?
Skin
What is the name of the process bacteria use to reproduce?
Binary Fission
What are the building blocks of proteins?
Amino acids
What structure controls what enters and leaves the cell?
Plasma Membrane
What enzyme unwinds the DNA double helix?
Helicase
Which blood cells are responsible for carrying oxygen?
Red blood cells
What type of microorganism requires a host cell to reproduce?
Virus
What type of bond connects amino acids?
Peptide bonds
What organelle modifies, sorts, and packages proteins?
Golgi apparatus
What is the term for different versions of the same gene?
Alleles
What part of the brain is responsible for balance and coordination?
Cerebellum
What is the term for bacteria that thrive without oxygen?
Anaerobes
What is the term for a molecule that binds to an enzyme and reduces its activity?
Inhibitor
What is the process by which a cell divides into two genetically identical daughter cells?
Mitosis
What is the process of making RNA from a DNA template?
Transcription
What protein in red blood cells binds oxygen?
Hemoglobin
What structure allows some bacteria to move?
Flagellum
What is the name of the process by which enzymes lower the activation energy of a reaction?
Catalysis