1
matter
anything that has mass and takes up space
molecule
when 2 or more atoms join together chemically
covalent bonds are formed when
electrons are shared between two or more atoms
6 properties of water
HACULP
isomer
2 different molecules that have the same chemical formula
atomic number
# of protons in an atom - unique to each type of atom
when a molecule contains atoms of at least 2 different elements
compound
what type of molecule is water
polar
adhesion
attractive force between molecules of different substances
carbohydrates consist of
monosacs, disacs, polysacs
element
a collection of atoms that all have the same number of protons and grouped by atomic number on the periodic table
chemical bonds determine characteristics of
molecules
a polar compound
has electrons that are shared unequally causing a partial positive at one end and partial negative charge at the other
cohesion
attractive force between molecules of a different substance
dehydration reaction
a chemical reaction in which molecules combine by removing water
isotope
one of several forms of an element, each containing the same # of protons but a different # neutrons.
ionic bonds are formed when
one or more electrons are transferred from one atom to another
carwhat allows hydrogen bonds to form
because water is a polar molecule, the weak attraction between the partially positive hydrogen atoms and partially negative oxygen atoms allow hydrogen bonds to form
4 main organic molecules
NLCP nucleotides, proteins, lipids, carbohydrates
other forms of carbs are
starches, gylcogen, cellulose
atomic mass
describes the sum of the protons and neutrons in an atom.
ion
positively or negatively charged atoms or group of atoms
what is a universal solvent
water
carbon comounds make
organic molecules which are molecules found in living organisms that contain carbon in rings or long chains attached to other atoms
hydrolosis reactions
break down complex molecules by chemically adding water