Homeostasis
Structures made of different types of tissues working together, such as the heart pumping blood.
What is an organ?
Differences in traits among individuals within a population resulting from genetic and environmental factors.
What are variations?
According to the DNA base pair rule, adenine pairs with this base, and cytosine pairs with guanine.
What is thymine?
female reproductive organ that produces egg cell and hormones such as estrogen and progesterone
What is an ovary?
The process by which green plants use light energy to convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen.
What is photosynthesis?
the maintenance of a stable internal environment within an organism
What is homeostasis?
reduces or increases an organism's reproductive success, driving natural selection such as predation, diseases, natural disasters or other limiting factors.
What are selective pressures?
Smaller sections of DNA that code for a particular protein.
What is a gene?
The process by which a single cell divides to produce two genetically identical daughter cells for growth and repair.
What is mitosis?
The variety of different species, genes, and ecosystems found in a particular area or on Earth.
What is biodiversity?
This mechanism counteracts changes to bring the system back to its normal state.
What is negative feedback?
The process by which species change over time through genetic variation and natural selection
What is evolution?
an ancestral organism from which two or more different lineages or species have evolved
What is common ancestry?
The type of cell division that reduces chromosomes by half and produces gametes (sperm and eggs).
What is meiosis?
An energy pyramid shows that only about 10% of energy transfers from one trophic level to the next. Explain why the rest is lost.
What is: Energy is lost through cellular respiration, heat production, movement, and other metabolic processes as organisms use energy to maintain life functions?
person's body temperature rises above normal. Describe the negative feedback mechanism that returns it to normal.
What is: Sweating and blood vessel dilation occur to cool the body down and restore normal temperature?
The process where individuals with advantageous traits are more likely to survive and reproduce.
What is natural selection?
A change in the DNA sequence of an organism that can lead to new traits and genetic variation.
What is mutation?
The direct manipulation of an organism's DNA using biotechnology to introduce, remove, or alter genetic material using tools like CRISPR.
What is genetic engineering?
A species that plays a critical role in maintaining ecosystem structure; if removed, the entire ecosystem can collapse.
What is a keystone species?
process by which organisms regulate their water and dissolved solutes
What is osmoregulation?
Explain how antibiotic resistance in bacteria demonstrates natural selection and change in gene frequency.
What is: Bacteria with mutations for antibiotic resistance survive and reproduce more, increasing the frequency of resistance alleles in the population over time?
Explain the path from DNA to a finished protein, naming the two main processes involved.
What is: DNA undergoes transcription to create mRNA, then mRNA undergoes translation at the ribosome to synthesize the protein?
Explain how cell differentiation allows cells from one fertilized egg to develop into many different specialized cell types.
What is: After mitosis, cells differentiate based on gene expression and environmental signals, developing into specialized types like muscle cells, nerve cells, or blood cells to perform specific functions?
Name two processes that release carbon into the atmosphere
What is respiration and burning fossil fuels?