Cell Theory & Living Things
Which structure is the simplest unit of life, that can carry out life processes?
A) Organs
B) Tissues
C) Cells
C) Cells!
Cells are the simplest unit of life. The most complex would be an organism.
Cells --> Tissues --> Organs --> Organ Systems --> Organism
What is the name of the structure that controls all of the cells activities?
A) Mitochondria
B) Nucleus
C) Cell membrane
B) Nucleus- control centre of the cell
What are the stages of mitosis in order?
Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, telophase
Which tube connects the mouth and nasal cavity to the lungs?
A) Esophagus
B) Trachea
C) Bronchus
B) Trachea
There are two different terms for the types of heart chambers. What are these terms?
Atria and Ventricles
True or False: All cells are made from pre-existing living and non-living matter, depending on the cell type
False. All cells are made from pre-existing cells, they do not come from non-living matter.
Which cell organelle is the liquid component of the cell?
Cytoplasm
Which stage of the cell cycle does the cell spend the most time in?
Interphase
Which muscle contracts and relaxes during inhalation/exhalation?
Diaphragm
Frogs only have 3 chambers in their hearts. Which 3 chambers do frogs have? (Include left and right)
Right atrium, left atrium, ventricle
Frogs have one large ventricle, while humans have a left and a right ventricle
All organisms are either Prokaryotes or Eukaryotes.
Which type of organism do humans fit into?
Eukaryotes.
Prokaryotes = Primitive, NO nucleus, single-celled, Ex. bacteria
Eukaryotes = CONTAINS nucleus, multicellular organisms
Ex. amoeba, human, frog
Which cell organelle performs cellular respiration and provides energy for all cells?
Mitochondria
Which stage of mitosis do the chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell?
Metaphase
Which type of cells line the trachea?
A) Blood cells
B) Epithelial cells
C) Muscle cells
B) Epithelial cells
Hemoglobin
What is the type of cell that can become differentiated to any other type of cell?
Stem cell.
True or false: The centromere is the cell organelle that produces spindle fibres during mitosis.
FALSE. Centrioles produce spindle fibres
Centromere= connects sister chromatid
Which stage of mitosis is responsible for "pinching" the cell membrane, in preparation for separation?
Telophase
What is the name of the special cells that line the trachea, producing mucus?
BONUS POINTS: What is the function of mucus in the respiratory system?
True or false: the veins carry blood away from the heart, towawrds the body
FALSE. Arteries carry blood away from the heart
Veins carry blood towards the heart.
The acronym to remember the characteristics of living things is MRS. GREN.
What are the 7 characteristics that this acronym stands for?
Movement
Respiration
Sensitivity
Growth
Reproduction
Energy
Nutrition
Which cell organelle is responsible for storing the water in plant and animal cells?
Vacuole
What are the 3 purposes for cell division?
1. Growth
2. Repair
3. Reproduction
What is the difference between breathing and respiration?
Breathing = diaphragm contracts, air moves into/out of lungs
Respiration = cells convert oxygen to carbon dioxide
Which structure does the circulatory system pick up oxygen from?
Alveoli: in the alveoli, there are capillaries that carry blood through the lungs.
Oxygen (from respiratory system) diffuses from the alveoli into the blood (from circulatory system)