Block 4 Review

Basic Collision Investigation

100

Valuable evidence may be destroyed by traffic and bystanders

What is the importance of traffic and crowd control

200

• Drivers – majority of collision are due to driver’s failure to adjust to existing conditions
  Mechanical – estimate to cause one half to one percent of all collisions

What are causes of a collision?

300

• Note and collect all evidence at the scene that may help identify the hit and run vehicle
  - broken glass or plastic
  - body parts from vehicle
  - paint chips or scrapes
  - cargo or load from vehicle
  - tire prints
  - fluids

What is Hit and Run Physical evidence?

400

the place and time where a situation (hazard) is actually perceived

What is Point of perception?

500

the length of time necessary for a person to both perceive and react to a given situation (average 1.6 seconds)
 - this time can vary from person to person and from situation to situation
 - it is dependent on both driver and environmental conditions

What is Perception reaction time?

Basic Collision investigation cont

100

the place and time at which a normal person could have perceived a hazard

What is Possible Point of Perception?

200

the time involved from the possible point of perception to the actual point of perception

What is Perception delay?

300

the distance traveled during perception delay

What is Perception Distance?

400

the place and time where the action is put into effect (braking, steering, etc)

What is Action point?

500

always match the road damage found with the damage to the vehicle and its part.
- This will help determine the position of the vehicles at maximum engagement

What is road contact?

Basic Collision reporting

100

Too Fast for Condition

Following Too Closely

Fail to Yield the Right of Way

Disregarding Traffic Sign or Signal

Improper Lane Use/Change

What is Top 5 causes for collisions?

200

• There is nothing to prevent a law enforcement officer from entering private property in order to investigate the probability of a violation of law, especially when the area to be entered is an open area, such as a road or parking lot to which the public is invited
  
  When a motor vehicle accident has occurred on such an area, traffic police are empowered to conduct routine investigations and to prefer charges when there is valid evidence to support charges. 1973-74

What is Investigation of Accident Occurring on Private Property?

300

is ALWAYS the closest “public” roadway that intersects the roadway that the collision occurred “on”

is located by measuring from the center of the BASE intersection to the collision location, then continuing in the same direction to the next intersection of a “public” roadway

What is Base and Secondary Intersections?

400

• 1) Interstate
  2) U.S. Primary
  3) State Primary
  4) Secondary
  5) City or County roads
  6) Other roads

What are Roadway Priority?

500

Contact damage

Damage on laminated safety glass

Induced damage

What are categories of vehicle damage?

Vehicle Tactics

100

• a temporary detention of a driver of a vehicle by police to investigate a possible crime. In constitutional law in the United States, a traffic stop is considered to be a subset of the Terry stop; the Terry standard for temporary detentions requires only reasonable suspicion that a crime has occurred or is about to occur.

What is a traffic stop?

200

A police officer my, as a matter of course, order the DRIVER of a lawfully stopped car to exit the vehicle.

Extends Mimms to ALL PASSANGERS as well

What is Pennsylvania v Mimms and Maryland v Wilson?

300

- may be blocked by object on that side (guard rail, ditches or culverts)
- may have to share cover with driver (some cover is better than none)
- resist change

What is Passenger side disadvantages?

400

One officer = 2 seconds or less
Two officers = 3.5 seconds or less

What is rapid deployment?

500

• Officers intending to ask suspects quilt seeking questions prior to a custodial interrogation should remember the Miranda Rule. This is particularly applicable if we have placed a suspect into handcuffs and/or secured them in the rear of our patrol car for further detention and investigation beyond the traffic violation.

What is Miranda Rule?

Mind Armor

100

a physical, chemical, or emotional factor that causes bodily or mental tension and may be a factor in disease causation.
- can be positive or negative
- can impact emotion, physical state, cognitive function, and behavior
- is affected by perception
- is affected by substances

What is Stress?

200

Stage 1: Alarm
- body totally aroused; all responses on stressor
- short-term survival tactic
- body equips with enough energy to handle situation
- cortisol quickly dumped into system
   - Risk of damage: Cardiovascular system, gastrointestinal system, immune system
Stage 2: Resistance
- Sources of stress may be resolved, but body is attempting to bring the high of the event to within normal limits
- Inability to achieve “normal” may result in
  - anxiousness, irritability

• Stage 3: Burnout
  - Stress has continued  for a long period of time and body has a difficult time resisting because energy supply is depleted
  - Most dangerous to officer’s health
  - Symptoms include: substance abuse, digestive disorders, kidney/heart disease, allergic conditions, feelings or hopelessness and helplessness, self-destructive actions.

What is General Adaptation Syndrome?

300

Self 

Work

System

Organization

What are sources of LE Stress?

400

• A – Ask “are you thinking of hurting yourself”
  I – Intervene
  D – Don’t keep it a secret
  L – Locate help
  I – Involve command staff
  F – Find someone to stay with the person
  E – Expedite and get help now!  

What is AIDLIFE?

500

a technique frequently used in law enforcement and military training. Similar to a medical vaccine, the inoculation attempts to inject a small dose of a “virus” (stressor) into an officer’s system so that he/she will build up an immunity to that given stressor as well as greater challenges presented in the future

What is Stress Inoculation?