Blood Facts
What vein is blood usually drawn from for a venipuncture?
Anterior median cubital vein
What chemical specifically is released by platelets to promote blood clotting?
Calcium ions
The first white blood cells to arrive at the site of an infection.
Neutrophils
Pulmonary veins deliver blood to the ___________.
Left atrium
Could someone with type AB- blood receive blood from someone who is B-? Why or why not?
Yes, nothing new is being introduced to their immune system, so no agglutination will occur; type AB- blood will have neither A nor B agglutinins in the plasma, since that would cause cells to mistakenly attack themselves.
What is a major difference between the composition of IF & plasma? What contributes to this difference?
Plasma has a significantly higher concentration of proteins; IF & plasma exchange materials across capillaries, but proteins are too big to cross
What typically begins the intrinsic pathway of coagulation?
Factor XII
Eosinophils
What supplies blood to the posterior interventricular artery & right atrium?
Right coronary artery
What is one of the early clinical signs of CAD?
Angina pectoris
If someone wanted to test for blood glucose or cholesterol levels, they would probably perform a _________.
Finger/heel stick
What are the 3 functions of thrombocytes in regard to blood clotting?
Reducing the size of the break in the walls of blood vessels, forming a platelet plug as a temporary fix, & releasing clotting chemicals to initiate the rest of the coagulation response
What is diapedesis?
White blood cells' ability to squeeze between endothelial cells.
What are the branches of the left coronary artery?
Circumflex & anterior interventricular
What is the difference between ischemia & infarction?
What is the function of globulins?
Immunoglobulins attack pathogens; transport globulins move materials like ions & hormones
Why is endothelial stickiness important in step 2 of hemostasis?
It allows platelets to stick to the endothelial cells, exposed protein fibers, &/or basement membranes
T cells, B cells, & NK cells are examples of _____________.
What veins deliver blood to the great cardiac vein & coronary sinus?
Anterior, posterior, middle, & small cardiac veins
What would happen if someone is on antibiotics for an extended period of time?
Prolonged antibiotic usage usually disrupts our gut’s microbiome, which includes healthy bacteria. E. Coli is particularly important in vitamin K synthesis & is primarily found in the large intestine. Reduced vitamin K production & absorption interfere with blood clotting, since all three coagulation pathways require vitamin K, which may result in frequent nosebleeds.
What is transferrin?
What is the goal of the common pathway?
To activate factor X, which will form the enzyme prothrombinase, converting prothrombin to thrombin & fibrinogen to fibrin
What does positive chemotaxis mean?
White blood cells are able to respond to & are attracted to chemical stimuli, which guide them to damaged tissues & invading pathogens.
What supplies blood to the interventricular septum?
Left coronary artery
What are some treatments for CAD (at least 3)?
Lifestyle modification, drugs that block the sympathetic nervous system, vasodilators, anticoagulants, calcium-channel blockers, clot busters, balloon angioplasty, coronary artery bypass surgery