Respiratory
System
System
What is the primary role of the respiratory system?
To deliver oxygen to the bloodstream (capillaries) so cells can undergo cellular respiration.
What is the name of the blood vessel that carries blood away from the heart under high pressure?
Arteries
This stage of the digestive system involves taking up digested molecules into the bloodstream
Absorption
Cellular Respiration
These microscopic, hair-like projections line the trachea and nasal cavity to sweep dirty mucus toward the throat to be swallowed or expelled.
Cilia
The smallest blood vessels in the body whose walls are only one cell thick.
Capillaries
These microscopic, finger-like projections covering the inner lining of the small intestine vastly increase the surface area for nutrient absorption.
Villi (and/or microvilli)
By what process do two gases move across alveoli and pulmonary capillaries?
Diffusion (oxygen and carbon dioxide move from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration)
Veins contain these internal structures that open in only one direction to overcome gravity and prevent the backflow of blood.
Valves
The involuntary, rhythmic smooth muscle contractions and relaxations that propel food down the esophagus and gastrointestinal tract (the main organs of the digestive system)
Peristalsis
Name the two body systems that work together in the scenario: Oxygen is inhaled and is then distributed throughout the bloodstream
Circulatory and Respiratory System
Do you think the rate of respiration (breathing) increases or decreases during physical activity (like running)?
Increases! As your legs need more energy to return, your respiration rate increases to deliver more oxygen to your body for cellular respiration (meaning more energy!)
How does the pressure inside the chest cavity change during exhalation to force air out?
Chest cavity pressure increases during exhalation as lung volume decreases.
Name the two heart chambers on the right side and state whether they deal with oxygen-rich or oxygen-poor blood.
Right atrium and right ventricle, which carry deoxygenated (O2 poor) blood
Where is pepsin activated, and what does it chemically break down?
Pepsin is activated in the stomach and breaks down proteins into smaller peptides.
The lungs send oxygen to the blood, and the heart pumps it through the body
Why can a problem in one body system affect other systems?
While external respiration is the exchange of gases between the air in the alveoli and the blood, what is the stage that refers to the exchange of gases between the blood and the body's cells.
Internal respiration
Name the two valves located on the left side of the heart.
Mitral valve and Aortic valve.
Why is it important that food undergoes mechanical digestion in the mouth before it arrives in the stomach?
It physically breaks food into smaller pieces to increase its surface area for enzymes and gastric juices to work efficiently during chemical digestion.
The ____(organ)____ in the digestive system are responsible for absorbing nutrients into the ____(blood vessel)____ to send nutrients into the ___(body system)____ system.
Small intestines, capillaries, circulatory
The digestive system breaks down food to provide nutrients. The respiratory system breathes in oxygen.
Both oxygen and nutrients are absorbed into the bloodstream, where the circulatory system carries them elements where they are needed (if you are running for example, it will provide more oxygen and glucose towards your inferior muscles).