Plant Cells
the cell organelles that perform respiration
What are mitochondria?
general cell type defined by a primary cell wall that is thin in some areas but thick in others
What is collenchyma?
the primary function of this tissue is transporting water long-distance
What is xylem?
this meristem produces the secondary phloem
What is the vascular cambium?
cacti APPEAR to be lacking this organ but they actually have a microscopic version
What are leaves?
typically the largest organelle in a living plant cell
What is the central vacuole?
a specific type of sclerenchyma cell that is typically short in length and used to protect seeds
What are sclereids?
a type of wood with larger tracheary elements that is produced when water is abundant
What is spring wood/early wood?
cork cells are rich in this chemical that water proofs the bark
What is suberin?
a vertical thick stem with thin papery leaves
What is a corm?
parts of the plant cell wall that are made of crystalized cellulose
What are microfibrils?
organelles that specialize in storing starch
What are amyloplasts?
these cells divide longitudinally to produce elongate cells in the vascular system
What are fusiform initials?
the cork + cork cambium + phelloderm make up this layer
What is the periderm?
a potato is this type of weird stem
What is a tuber?
stacks of thin vesicles that modify proteins coming from the ER
What are dictyosomes?
a term that describes a pattern of leaves in four rows when viewed from above
What is decussate phyllotaxy?
this cell that conducts water is found primarily in angiosperms and only rarely in gymnosperms
What are vessels/vessel elements?
these cells provide administrative support for one type of sieve element but are actually part of the radial system
What are albuminous cells?
long, thin internodes allowing dispersal of daughter plants
What are stolons?
the pathway created by plasmodesmata connecting plant cells
What is the symplast?
permeable region of the primary cell wall where water passes from one xylem tracheary element into another
What is the pit membrane?
this type of wood has a clear distinction between wood produced in the spring versus the late summer/fall
What is ring porous wood?
an unusual growth form where secondary phloem is produced between two layers of secondary xylem
What is included phloem?
ferns and many lawn grasses have this type of horizontal underground stem
What are rhizomes?