Plate Boundaries
Which boundary forms when plates move apart?
Divergent boundary
What process creates new ocean crust?
Seafloor spreading
Which Earth layer is liquid?
Outer core
Which scientist proposed continental drift?
Alfred Wegener
What is a real-world example of a divergent boundary?
Mid-Atlantic Ridge
Which boundary forms when plates collide?
Convergent boundary
Where does seafloor spreading usually occur?
Mid-ocean ridges
What layer do tectonic plates move on top of?
Asthenosphere
Which scientist helped explain seafloor spreading?
Harry Hess
What is a real-world example of a transform boundary?
San Andreas Fault
Which boundary causes plates to slide past each other?
Transform boundary
What rises through cracks in Earth’s crust during seafloor spreading?
Magma
Name the four main layers of Earth.
Crust, mantle, outer core, inner core
What technology did Harry Hess use to study the ocean floor?
Sonar
What is a real-world example of a convergent boundary?
Himalayas
Which boundary commonly creates tall mountain ranges?
Convergent boundary
Where is the youngest ocean crust found?
Near mid-ocean ridges
What is the rigid outer layer made of the crust and upper mantle called?
The Lithosphere
Which fossil helped support continental drift?
Glossopteris or Mesosaurus
Which island is located on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge?
Iceland
Which type of boundary is MOST associated with earthquakes like the San Andreas Fault?
Transform boundary
What happens to the iron shavings in molten magma at the ridge?
They align themselves with Earth’s magnetic field
What causes tectonic plates to move?
Convection currents
Why were Mesosaurus fossils important?
They showed continents were once connected
Which type of crust is thicker: oceanic or continental?
Continental crust