Anatomy
This division of the nervous system consists only of the brain and spinal cord
What is the central nervous system (CNS)?
This lobe is primarily responsible for processing vision
What is the occipital lobe?
This cranial nerve is responsible for the sense of smell
What is the olfactory nerve (CN I)?
This neurodegenerative disease is characterized by progressive memory loss and dementia
What is a subarachnoid hemorrhage?
A patient is asked to smile, frown, and raise their eyebrows. This cranial nerve controls the muscles responsible for facial expressions
What is the facial nerve (CN VII)?
A patient has damage to the cerebellum. They would most likely have difficulty with this type of movement
What is balance and coordination?
This lobe is responsible for processing touch, temperature, pain, and spatial awareness
What is the parietal lobe?
This cranial nerve controls most eye movements and also helps constrict the pupil in bright light
What is the oculomotor nerve (CN III)?
This neurodegenerative disease causes progressive muscle weakness while sensation usually remains intact
What is Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS)?
A patient reports hearing a tuning fork in one ear better than the other. Which cranial nerve is being assessed?
What is the vestibulocochlear nerve (CN VIII)?
This part of the brain controls vital involuntary functions such as breathing, heart rate, and blood pressure
What is the brain stem?
This lobe plays a major role in hearing, language comprehension, and memory
What is the temporal lobe?
This cranial nerve is responsible for hearing and balance
What is the vestibulocochlear nerve (CN VIII)?
Patients with this type of hemorrhage often describe experiencing the "worst headache of their life
What is a subarachnoid hemorrhage?
A patient is unable to shrug one shoulder or turn their head against resistance. Which cranial nerve controls these movements?
What is the accessory nerve (CN XI)?
These two ventricles, one located in each cerebral hemisphere, are the largest chambers that contain cerebrospinal fluid
What are the lateral ventricles?
A patient has difficulty with decision-making, planning, and voluntary movement after a traumatic brain injury. This lobe was most likely damaged
What is the frontal lobe?
A patient has numbness on one side of the face and difficulty chewing food. This cranial nerve is likely damaged
What is the trigeminal nerve (CN V)?
This is the most common malignant brain tumor in adults
What is glioblastoma?
During a neurological exam, a patient has decreased sensation over the forehead, cheek, and jaw. This cranial nerve is affected
What is the trigeminal nerve (CN V)?
These arteries connect the internal carotid arteries to the posterior cerebral arteries, helping complete the Circle of Willis
What are the posterior communicating arteries?
A patient can understand speech but is unable to produce fluent language after a stroke. The damaged region is Broca's area, located in this lobe
What is the temporal lobe?
Following neck surgery, a patient has a hoarse voice, difficulty swallowing, and a slower-than-normal heart rate regulation. This cranial nerve was likely injured
What is the vagus nerve (CN X)?
A patient suddenly develops facial drooping and arm weakness because a clot blocks blood flow to the brain. This type of stroke has occurred
What is an ischemic stroke?
A patient protrudes their tongue, but it deviates toward the side of a nerve injury due to weakness of the tongue muscles. This cranial nerve is damaged
What is the hypoglossal nerve (CN XII)?