Law (ULAW)
This amendment protects a person's right to a trial by jury in many federal civil cases.
7th Amendment
This institution is responsible for making federal laws in the United States.
Congress
This French military leader became emperor in 1804 and conquered much of continental Europe.
Napoleon Bonaparte
This term refers to the formal process of bringing a legal action before a court.
Litigation
This organization was created in 1945 to promote international peace and cooperation.
United Nations
This legal term refers to a formal written accusation charging a person with a crime.
Indictment
This electoral system awards seats in a legislature based on the proportion of votes received by political parties.
Proportional Representation
This war between Athens and Sparta lasted from 431 to 404 BCE.
Peloponnesian War
This term refers to a previous court decision that may be used as authority in a later case.
This political system allows citizens to vote directly on certain laws or policies.
Direct Democracy
This Supreme Court case held that a public official generally cannot be held liable for defamation involving a public figure without proof of “actual malice.”
New York Times Co. v. Sullivan
This electoral system uses ranked preferences, allowing voters to indicate their first, second, third, and subsequent choices
Ranked-Choice Voting
This 1803 land acquisition nearly doubled the size of the United States.
Louisiana Purchase
This court order requires a person to appear in court or produce documents or other evidence.
Subpoena
This political theory argues that political institutions and outcomes are shaped by economic relationships and conflict between social classes.
Marxism
This principle requires the government to prove each element of a criminal offense before a defendant can be convicted.
Beyond a Reasonable Doubt
This international relations concept describes the influence a state can exercise through military and economic capabilities.
Hard Power
This 1957 agreement created the European Economic Community, an important predecessor to today's European Union.
Treaty of Rome
This process allows a defendant to admit guilt in exchange for an agreement with the prosecution concerning charges or sentencing.
Plea Bargaining
This 1648 settlement ended the Thirty Years' War and is commonly associated with the development of the modern state system.
Peace of Westphalia
This doctrine holds that constitutional protections may apply to state governments through the Fourteenth Amendment.
Incorporation Doctrine
This presidential power allows the president to reject specific spending provisions without rejecting an entire bill
Line-Item Veto
This 1979 revolution overthrew Iran's monarchy and established an Islamic Republic.
Iranian Revolution
This method of statutory interpretation focuses primarily on the ordinary meaning of the words used in a law.
Textualism
This constitutional principle prevents Congress from suspending a person's right to challenge unlawful detention except under specific circumstances such as rebellion or invasion.
Habeas Corpus