Pathology
The channels blocked by cancer cells that cause “Peau D ’orange” in inflammatory breast cancer.
What are dermal lymphatics or dermal lymphatic channels?
CALGB 9343 supported RT omission in women of this age group with ER(+) T1N0 breast cancer receiving endocrine therapy
70 or older
This type of physical activity can help reduce fatigue during and after breast cancer treatment.
What is exercise (or regular physical activity)?
This gene, located on chromosome 17, was the first major hereditary breast cancer gene identified.
What is BRCA1?
This is the ratio of male to female breast cancer diagnoses
What is approximately 1:100?
What is Her2 ultralow or Her2 0+/with membrane staining?
This CT-based process is done prior to treatment to ensure reproducible positioning and allows for 3D based planning of targets
CT simulation
Adults should aim to eat plenty of these colorful foods to support overall health and reduce the risk of chronic disease.
What are fruits and vegetables?
This surgery, removing ovaries and fallopian tubes, it is often recommended for BRCA carriers by their mid to late 30s or 40s.
What is risk-reducing salpingo-oophorectomy (RRSO)?
It may be a smart decision to use this pattern for skin-sparing mastectomy when the breast is pendulous.
What is the Wise pattern (inverted-T incision)?
When performing a breast cancer FISH test, this specific chromosomal abnormality, defined by an overall increase in chromosome 17 copies rather than true HER2 gene amplification, can mimic a positive result
What is polysomy or polyploidy or centromere 17 polysomy?
This breathing technique reduces heart dose for left-sided breast patients
Deep inspiratory breath hold (or DIBH)
This healthy habit helps improve mood, reduce stress, and supports your immune system.
What is getting enough sleep?
This ancestry group has a notably higher carrier frequency for specific BRCA founder mutations
What is Ashkenazi Jewish ancestry?
This in situ breast neoplasm does not require excision.
What is lobular neoplasia?
What is Paget disease or Paget's disease of the breast?
This 5 fraction technique delivered to the lumpectomy cavity has equivalent outcomes to whole breast radiation in low-risk, early stage breast cancer patients
Accelerated partial breast irradiation (or APBI)
This mind-body practice, often involving breathing and meditation, can help reduce anxiety and stress.
What is yoga (or meditation/mindfulness)?
This inherited syndrome, caused by mutations in the PTEN gene, is associated with increased risk of breast, thyroid and endometrial cancers
What is Cowden syndrome?
This is the most common cause of spontaneous clear or bloody nipple discharge.
What is intraductal papilloma?
Achieving this three-word outcome means that no active cancer cells are found in the tissue removed during surgery following neoadjuvant therapy.
What is a complete pathologic response or pathological complete response?
Post-mastectomy radiation to this nodal region improves breast-cancer mortality and overall survival in patients with medial/central tumors.
Internal mammary nodes (or IMNs)
Limiting this beverage can help lower the risk of several cancers, including breast cancer.
What is alcohol?
This gene associated with ataxia-telangiectasia and its homozygous form, confers to moderate breast cancer risk in heterozygous carriers.
What is the ATM gene
Injury to this nerve during axillary dissection causes a winged scapula.
What is the long thoracic nerve?