To spread or not to spread
In 1796, Edward Jenner discovered a way to prevent smallpox through vaccination. Since then, many other diseases have been treated, and almost eradicated from our planet. How do vaccines prevent infectious disease?
by killing bacteria and viruses - by boosting overall immune function - by triggering a primary immune response - by using passive immunity
by triggering a primary immune response
Which kind of infectious agent can only multiply inside the cells of a person?
a bacterium - a fungus - a parasite - a virus
a virus
Which is the difference between an epidemic and a pandemic as it relates to the spread of a disease?
An epidemic would refer to a larger region being affected and a pandemic refers to a smaller region being affected.
A pandemic would refer to a larger region being affected and an epidemic refers to a smaller region being affected.
An epidemic would involve a larger number of people than a pandemic.
A pandemic would involve a smaller number of people than an epidemic.
B
Which vectors (organism or way of transmitting disease) can NOT spread infectious diseases?
contaminated food and water, coughing and sneezing, genes or physical contact
genes
Tough consumed by millions of people, mushrooms are related to which infectious agent? bacteria - fungi - parasites - viruses
fungi
A small community had a recent outbreak of measles among local unvaccinated families. Which best describes this event? An epidemic because it happened within the last 5 years, An epidemic because it occurred in a single geographic area, A pandemic because it occurred in a single geographic area, a pandemic because several families were affected by the disease
An epidemic because it occurred in a single geographic area
A scientist is working to prevent a viral epidemic in a particular region. Which would most likely help in determining the original host of the disease?
Extract DNA from an individual with the disease, Test the blood of individuals infected with the disease, Test the blood of various animals in the region for the disease, Prescribe antibiotics to all humans in the region to see which individuals are affected
Test the blood of individuals infected with the disease
Which infectious agent has no cells, but takes over a host cell in which it replicates and spreads into neighboring host cells?
a bacterium - a fungus - a parasite - a virus
a virus
Which best explains a global outbreak that has a vaccine in development?
It is a pandemic caused by a virus, it is an epidemic caused by a virus, it is a pandemic caused by a bacteria, it is an epidemic caused by a bacteria
pandemic caused by a virus
How would the spread of an Ebola pandemic most likely be prevented?
restrict travel to and from the infected countries, restrict the family of the ill person from leaving their house, restrict the community of the sick person from going to neighboring communities.
restrict travel to and from the infected countries
Given favorable conditions, which disease-causing agent could quickly multiply into colonies of billions of cells in the space of a drop of water? bacteria, fungi, protists, viruses
Bacteria
Bubonic plague spread from eastern Asia to western Europe, affecting vast regions in a short time span. Which best describes this occurrence? Epidemic because the disease was infectious, Epidemic because the disease never spread to North America, Pandemic because the disease spread to many countries in Europe, Pandemic because the disease affected many people, but there were few deaths.
Pandemic because the disease spread to many countries in Europe
Which practice is the most effective at preventing an epidemic of the common cold? daily exercise, cooking food as directed, washing hands frequently, staying up-to-date on vaccinations.
washing hands frequently
Which organisms require a host cell to reproduce? protozoans, bacteria, viruses
viruses
How does the spread of an epidemic and pandemic differ?
pandemic - slowly, epidemic - quickly
pandemic - small region, epidemic - affects many regions
epidemic small region, pandemic - affects many region
epidemic small region, pandemic - affects many regions