Management Approaches
Management approach focused on using the environment for human needs and economic benefit.
Utilisation
Philosophy that believes humans have the right to control and use nature.
Imperialism
Two of the largest creators of methane are:
Cattle burps and flooded rice paddies
-Points for burning of fossil fuels as well
The process that moves sand along a coastline due to waves approaching at an angle
Longshore drift
What is renewable energy?
Energy from sources that can naturally be replaced, such as solar and wind.
Management approach aimed to protect environments by using sustainable practices while still allowing human use.
Conservation
Philosophy focused on humans managing environments responsibly for future generations.
Stewardship
What human activity is a major contributor to increasing greenhouse gases?
Burning fossil fuels.
The coastal process that occurs when waves force air into cracks in rocks, causing pressure and erosion
Hydraulic Action
Is planting trees to absorb carbon dioxide an example of mitigation or adaptation?
Mitigation - it reduces greenhouse gases.
Management strategy that protects natural environments from human interference.
Preservation
Name all 5 environmental philosophies
Imperialism, Utilitarianism, Stewardship, Romanticism and Radicalism
Explain how the greenhouse effect contributes to climate change.
Increased greenhouse gases trap more heat in the atmosphere, causing global temperatures to rise.
Importance of sand dunes in coastal environments.
They act as natural barriers, reduce erosion and provide habitat.
Difference between mitigation and adaptation
Mitigation reduces causes of climate change; adaptation adjusts to impacts.
The Steve Irwin Wildlife Reserve protects large areas of wilderness with minimal human interference. Which management approach does this represent and why?
Preservation - it aims to protect ecosystems from human disturbance.
Sea Shepherd Conservation Society uses direct action to stop activities they believe harm marine ecosystems. Which philosophy does this represent?
Radicalism
Why does sea level rise occur due to climate change? Name TWO causes.
Thermal expansion of oceans and melting land ice/glaciers.
A council builds a groyne along a beach. Explain how this manages coastal erosion.
Groynes trap sand moved by longshore drift, helping maintain beach width.
Purpose of the Paris Agreement
To limit global temperature increases and encourage countries to reduce emissions.
A government allows mining in a national park because it creates jobs and economic growth. Which management approach does this represent? Explain a possible criticism.
Utilisation – criticism: economic benefits may come at the cost of environmental damage.
Compare stewardship and radicalism. How are their approaches to environmental protection different?
Stewardship works within existing systems to manage environments responsibly; radicalism uses stronger actions to force environmental change.
A coastal community experiences more frequent flooding. Explain how climate change and human activity may increase this risk.
Rising sea levels, stronger storms, coastal development and removal of natural barriers can increase vulnerability.
Evaluate whether hard engineering strategies such as seawalls and groynes are always the best solution for coastal management.
They protect specific areas but can be expensive, disrupt natural processes and cause erosion elsewhere. Soft management may be more sustainable.
Explain why international agreements like the Paris Agreement can be difficult to achieve.
DOUBLE POINTS: Why was the Kyoto Protocol considered less successful, and what major disagreements affected its effectiveness?
Countries have different economic priorities, energy needs and levels of responsibility for emissions.
DOUBLE POINTS: Countries disagreed over who should reduce emissions, some major emitters did not participate, and emission targets were difficult to enforce.