Chemists
Scientists who study elements and compounds
Chemists
A substance that cannot be broken down by chemical change into simpler, purer substances.
Element
First element discovered.
Gold
Law that states that in every reaction there is an equal quantity of matter before and after the operation, or more simply, in a chemical reaction, the total amount of matter of the reaction compounds remains constant.
Conservation of Matter
Vertical rows of the periodic table.
Groups
Antient "chemists" who believed in a mixture of science and magic to change ordinary metals into gold.
Alchemists
The heating of ores to separate the desired metal from the undesirable elements of the ore.
Smelting
According to ancient chemist, the world was made of what four elements?
Law that states that in an compound, the constituent elements are always present in a definite proportion by weight.
Law of Definite Proportions
Horizontal rows on the periodic table.
Periods
First person to use reason and experiments to disproof much of what the alchemists believed. This scientist discovered the relationship between pressure and volume of a gas so well that it was made into a law of science.
Robert Boyle
A substance of more than one element.
Compound
Hydrogen (H), Lithium (Li), Sodium (Na), Potassium (K), Rubidium (Rb), Caesium (Cs), Francium (Fr)
Separation of liquid compounds into elements or simpler compounds by vaporization (using fire) or evaporation (using the sun)
Distillation
The whole number in bold above the element symbol.
Atomic number
This scientist was the first one to identify Hydrogen, and showing that water is made up of hydrogen and oxygen.
Henry Cavendish
A substance composed of two or more metals OR one or more metals and certain non-metals, for example, steel from iron and carbon.
Alloy
Name one of the Noble Gases.
Helium (He), Neon (Ne), Argon (Ar), Krypton (Kr), Xenon (Xe), Radon (Rn)
The process of using batteries or voltaic piles to decompose a compound.
Electrolysis
Number that shows the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom of an element
Atomic number
Antoine Lavoisier
When the same element can have different numbers of neutrons.
Element isotope
Name element with symbol Ca
Calcium
When metals are burned in air, a whitish powder forms upon them caused by the addition of oxygen to the metal during burning. What is this process called?
Calcination
Non-reactive gases that don't like to mingle or combine with other elements due to their outer shell being full with 8 electrons
Noble gases