General Antibiotics
These are ways pharmacists help promote appropriate antibiotic use.
What is recommend regimen, dose, duration, renal adjustment, culture follow-up, and de-escalation?
These two typical bugs are the leading cause of community-acquired pneumonia.
What are Streptococcus pneumonia and Haemophilus influenzae?
These two bugs are the leading cause of hospital-acquired pneumonia.
What are Pseudomonas aeruginosa & Staphylococcus aureus?
This class of drug is given to everyone with HAP prior to cultures.
What is antipseudomonal beta-lactam?
This is the guideline approved minimum treatment duration for CAP.
What is 5 days?
When bacteria survive antibiotics that should normally kill/inhibit them.
What is antimicrobial resistance?
These patient signs & symptoms would make you suspect community-acquired.
What are cough, sputum, fever, chills, dyspnea, pleuritic chest pain, hypoxia, and abnormal lung exam?
This is when antibiotic therapy for HAP should be de-escalated.
What is once cultures and susceptibilities are available?
Treatment for CAP should be started immediately regardless of this protein's lab value.
What is Procalcitonin?
This is the guideline approved minimum treatment duration for HAP.
What is 7 days?
These are advantages oral antibiotics offer compared with IV antibiotics.
What is easier, cheaper, avoids IV complications, and supports discharge?
These are the two major criteria that would result in a patient having Severe CAP.
What are mechanical ventilation & septic shock with vasopressors?
This amount of hours is how many one would have to spend in the hospital before developing pneumonia to be defined as HAP.
What is 48 hours?
These three drug classes are the most common given to patients with CAP regardless of inpatient vs outpatient status.
What are beta-lactams, macrolides, and respiratory fluoroquinolones?
The MRSA nasal swab PCR assay has a high ___ ___ ___ meaning it rules ___ MRSA.
What is negative predictive value; out?
These are reasons why unnecessary antibiotic use becomes problematic.
What is increased resistance, C. diff risk, adverse effects, and cost?
These comorbidities are listed under the IDSA 2019 CAP Guidelines. (Name at least 5)
What are chronic heart, lung, liver, or renal disease; diabetes mellitus; alcoholism; malignancy; or asplenia?
This percentage of unit MRSA presence would qualify a patient to receive MRSA coverage for HAP. (Two answers)
What is >20% or unknown?
This is the preferred Severe CAP treatment regimen.
What is ceftriaxone 2G IV daily + azithromycin 500mg IV daily?
The important exception to the Chastre et al. study was that patients with ___ had higher recurrence rates when treated for 8 days instead of 15 days for Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia.
What is pseudomonas or other nonfermenting gram-negative bacilli?
This is the time when a patient should be switched from IV to oral therapy.
What is when clinically stable, improving, able to take PO, and GI absorption is adequate?
These are the two patient examinations to determine if CAP treatment should be completed inpatient or outpatient with one being favored over the other, per the 2019 IDSA CAP Guidelines.
What are PSI (Pneumonia Severity Index, preferred) and CURB-65?
These 3 MRSA and Secondary Pseudomonas risk factors are the same when deciding on HAP treatment. (Name at least 2)
What is IV antibiotic use within the previous 90 days, septic shock, and ventilator support?
These three treatments are options available for CAP outpatients without comorbidities.
What is:
Amoxicillin 1 g PO TID
Doxycycline 100 mg PO BID
Azithromycin* 500 mg PO x1 day, then 250 mg daily?
This is who qualifies for the new recommended minimum treatment duration of 3 days according to the 2025 ATS guidelines.