Atoms
Molecules
Periodic Table
Bonding
Chemistry Misc
100
What is an atom?
An atom is an element - the smallest unit of a substance. Atoms make up everything.
100
What is a molecule?
A MOLECULE is two or more atoms bonded together.
100
__________ created the first periodic table.
DMITRI MENDELEEV created the first periodic table.
100
What kinds of bond involves atoms giving or taking electrons?
When atoms give or take electrons, they form an IONIC bond.
100
What is a chemical reaction?
A chemical reaction is the formation of new substances when two or more substances interact or burn. Two or more substance become somethings else.
200
Atoms are made up of...... with the charges of .....
Protons = + charge Neutrons = 0 charge Electrons = - charge
200
The chemical formula for sugar is C6H12O6 where the numbers are small and below the letters. How many hydrogens are there in a molecule of sugar?
There are 12 H in sugar.
200
What made Mendeleev's period table unique? In other words, why is he known as the father of the periodic table?
Mendeleev was able to put the elements in their correct pattern even though he had faulty information. He also left spaces for yet to be discovered elements and accurately predicted their qualities.
200
Why do ions form bonds?
When an ion forms it loses or gains electrons- this changes it from having NO CHARGE to having either a negative or positive charge. The charge elements - ions- attract each other- so stick together.
200
Name two Noble Gases.
Two of : helium (He), neon (Ne), argon (Ar), krypton (Kr), xenon (Xe), radon (Rn), and element 118 (temporarily named ununoctium [Uuo])
300
In general, if an elements has 14 protons, it will have _____ neutrons and _____ electrons. Bonus 200 points: Draw the atomic structure of Oxygen.
In general, if an elements has 14 protons, it will have 14 neutrons and 14 electrons. Drawing should indicate 8 protons and neutrons in nucleus, 2 electrons spaced evenly in the first shell and 6 evenly spaced electrons in the second shell. If not spaced evenly NO CREDIT!
300
________ is always involved in a chemical reaction. It is needed and / or given off in every reaction.
ENERGY is always involved in a chemical reaction.
300
What does it mean when elements are in the same period? What do the periods represent?
Elements in the same period have the same number of shells or orbitals.
300
Give an example of a molecule formed by ionic bonding. Give an example of a molecule formed by covalent bonding
Salts- of all kinds- form by ionic bonding. Water forms by covalent bonding.
300
Name two physical and one chemical property?
Physical properties: boiling point, color, smell, density, freezing/ melting point, luster,malleability, pH, solubility, etc. Chemical properties: anything that destroys the substance to tell - flammability, heat of combustion, radioactivity.
400
There are about ______ elements found in nature, _____ total
There are about 90 elements found in nature. The others only exist as isotopes or have been man - made. 118 total.
400
Explain how the two hydrogens and oyxgen bond to form water.
The hydrogens and oxygen share the electrons in their outer shells in order to feel their outer shells are full. This is a covalent bond.
400
What two elements on the periodic table are liquid at room temperature?
Mercury (Hg) and Bromine (Br) are liquids at room temperature.
400
Describe how a covalent bond works.
Covalent bonding occurs when atoms share electrons with each other they do not give or take electrons... they share them so each gets to feel that it outer shell is full.
400
WILD CARD Free points!
WILD CARD Free points!
500
An isotope is an element with more or less _______ than _________.
An isotope is an element with more or less NEUTRONS than PROTONS. So it is lighter or heavier than the 'true' element.
500
Alkali metals and halogens often form ________ bonds and become _______________.
Alkali metals and halogens often form IONIC bonds and become SALTS .
500
What characteristic do all of the Alkali metals share?
All Alkali metals have 1 electron in their outer shell and so are very reactive.
500
Why do some elements want to form molecules and others don't? Name two elements that want to form bonds and two that don't
Elements want their outer shell full of electrons. Some elements naturally have full outer shells and so don't need any more. The alkali metals and alkaline earth metals really want electrons and to form molecules... the Noble gases don't want to react or form molecules.
500
Why are the Alchemist NOT considered early Chemists?
The alchemists were looking for the Philosopher's Stone. They did not care about all the other stuff they were learning in the search. Their purpose was very different than the chemists who followed them.
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