Blood Pressure
Which blood pressure number measures pressure while the ventricles contract?
What is systolic blood pressure?
What is the general term for thickening, hardening, and loss of elasticity of arterial walls?
What is arteriosclerosis?
Chest discomfort occurs predictably with exertion and resolves with rest. Which type of angina fits?
What is stable angina?
A patient develops calf pain while walking that disappears after resting. What is this symptom called?
What is intermittent claudication?
Which meal is more heart healthy: grilled fish with vegetables and brown rice, or fried chicken with fries?
What is grilled fish with vegetables and brown rice?
An adult’s repeated average blood pressure is 136/84 mm Hg. Which hypertension category applies?
What is stage 1 hypertension?
What specific arterial disease involves plaque containing cholesterol and other substances?
What is atherosclerosis?
A patient develops new chest pressure at rest that is worsening. What condition should the nurse suspect?
What is unstable angina or another acute coronary syndrome?
What does PVD stand for, and which more specific term identifies arterial disease in the legs?
What are peripheral vascular disease and peripheral artery disease (PAD)?
Which nutrient on food labels should a patient with hypertension and fluid retention compare carefully?
What is sodium?
A patient crosses their legs and talks during a BP reading. Name TWO changes that improve accuracy.
What are uncrossing the legs and remaining silent?
Atherosclerotic plaque narrows arteries that supply the heart muscle. Which disease is this?
What is coronary artery disease (CAD)?
A patient has ischemic symptoms and rising troponin, but no persistent ST elevation. Which MI classification fits?
What is NSTEMI?
Bulging, twisted superficial leg veins develop when blood pools behind weak valves. What condition is this?
What are varicose veins?
A patient with high LDL uses butter daily. Name a replacement fat and one food that adds soluble fiber.
What are olive or canola oil, plus oats or beans?
A patient’s BP is 86/54 with dizziness after an antihypertensive. What is the nurse’s priority response?
What is assessing perfusion and promptly notifying the supervising nurse/provider?
A lipid panel shows high LDL. What lipid disorder does this suggest, and why does LDL matter?
What is hyperlipidemia, specifically elevated LDL cholesterol?
A patient has chest pressure and clear STEMI changes. Which procedure restores flow, and should care wait for troponin?
What is primary PCI, without waiting for troponin?
A patient has ankle edema and brown lower-leg skin changes. Before prescribed compression, what circulation issue needs assessment?
What is arterial perfusion or possible coexisting PAD?
A patient with chronic heart failure gains 3 lb overnight and has more shortness of breath. What should the nurse suspect and do?
What is worsening fluid retention, requiring prompt assessment and reporting?
BP is 192/124 with new chest pain and blurred vision. What level of response does this require?
What is immediate emergency assessment for possible hypertensive emergency?
A patient with CAD smokes and has uncontrolled BP and high LDL. Name TWO modifiable risks the nurse should address.
What are tobacco use, high blood pressure, and high LDL?
In MONA, what do the letters stand for? Which component is unnecessary routinely at SpO₂ 97%?
What are morphine, oxygen, nitroglycerin, and aspirin? Routine oxygen is unnecessary at 97%.
A leg suddenly becomes painful, pale, cold, and pulseless. What complication requires immediate escalation?
What is acute limb ischemia?
A patient with HF takes lisinopril and spironolactone and wants a potassium-based salt substitute. What is the safety concern?
What is hyperkalemia?