Antianginal
3 types of drugs given for angina
nitrates
beta blockers
CCBs
4 major classes of antidysrhythmics
I (Ia,Ib,Ic)
II (all Beta Blockers)
III
IV (CCB)
Unclassified
Thrombus moving through a blood vessel
embolus
potassium sparing diuretic
spironolactone
One of the primary vasoactive drugs used in many advanced cardiac life support protocols
Epinephrine
Rapid and long-acting nitrates:
Nitroglycerin
Isosorbide dinitrate
tell about amiodarone drug interaction with warfarin
Combining warfarin and amiodarone will lead to a 50% increase in the INR. When amiodarone is added to warfarin therapy, it is recommended that the warfarin dose be cut in half.
Prevent clots from forming.
Anticoagulant
how should you administer potassium
Max concentration:
•20 to 40mEq/L for peripheral line
•up to 60mEq/L for central line
If IV potassium is given too fast it can cause cardiac arrest. Not given faster than 10mEq/hr
increases heart rate. often given before surgery,
Atropine
drug interactions for beta blockers
diuretics and antihypertensives
drug that causes a rapid conversion of Afib and flutter to normal sinus rhythm
ibutilide (difetilide too)
When is warfarin administered while your patient is on heparin?
Warfarin is usually started within the first day or 2 of the heparin infusion. It is discontinued once warfarin is at therapeutic levels(monitored by INR : 2-3.5
Epoetin Alfa (Epogen/Procrit) contraindications
Contraindications: Known drug allergy; Cases of uncontrolled hypertension;
in cancer patients with uncontrolled hypertension when their:Hgb>10d/dL for Cancer patients
Hgb>11g/dL for renal patients
Head or neck cancers
food interaction with grapefruit juice
CCB - nifedipine, amiodarone
Contraindications for CCBs:
known drug allergy; acute MI, 2nd or 3rd degree AV block unless the patient has a pacemaker, hypotension
Antidysrhytmic that can only be given IV admin and fast! (half life of less than 10 seconds) (commonly causes asystole for a period of seconds)
Adenosine
when does your patient stop taking aspirin before their surgery?
7 days
what does Sevelamer/renvela do?
•Helps decrease phosphorus concentration by binding with phosphorus without altering Calcium levels. (inhibits phosphorus absorption)
•Aids in reduction of serum phosphorus in pts with chronic renal disease on hemodialysis.
patient education for patient on Amiodarone
•amiodarone: advise patient to avoid sun exposure and to wear protective clothing and dark glasses when outside. Sunscreens are ineffective because they do not block UVB light. Barrier sun blocks like zinc or titanium chloride are recommended.
How will patient or caregiver know the nitroglycerin is working
tingling under the tongue
no chest pain
administer antidysrhythmic and antacid , how?
•Antacid needed – must be taken 2 hours before or after
example of thrombolytic drug
T-plasminogen activators
T-Pas (alteplase)
Tenectelplase (TNKase)
Patient education for patient taking Calcium Acetate/Phoslo
•Do not take within 1-2 hrs of other oral medications, fiber-containing foods. Avoid excessive use of alcohol, tobacco, caffeine.
•Administer 2 tablets 3x/day with meals. Depends on labs which are monitored.
patient education for patient taking nitrogylcerin for angina (when do they take it)
Sublingual form: take a first sign of chest pain, if pain is still there after 5 min, take another pill and call 911. if pain is still there in 5 minutes take a 3rd pill. No more than 3