Cardiac Anatomy
This chamber of the heart pumps deoxygenated blood into pulmonary circulation
What is the right ventricle?
This structure is known as the heart's pacemaker, and normally sets the pace for the heart beat.
What is the SA node?
A patient develops crushing substernal chest pain radiating to the left arm with diaphoresis and nausea. Troponin is elevated.
What is a heart attack / myocardial infarction?
This procedure delivers an electrical shock to the heart to terminate certain life-threatening abnormal rhythms.
What is defibrillation?
Your heart beats approximately this many times in an average day:
10,000, 50,000, 100,000, or 1,000,000
What is ~100,000?
This valve separates the left atrium from the left ventricle and is the only cardiac valve with two cusps.
What is the mitral valve?
The S1 heart sound is produced primarily by closure of these valves.
What are the mitral and tricuspid valves?
An older adult has chest pain upon exertion that reliably resolves within minutes of resting.
What is stable angina?
This medication can rapidly relieve anginal chest pain by causing vasodilation and is commonly given under the tongue.
What is nitroglycerine?
Cardiology is a subspecialty of this primary medical residency.
What is internal medicine?
These vessels carry oxygenated blood from the lungs back to the heart.
What are the pulmonary veins?
Activation of this division of the autonomic nervous system increases both heart rate and contractility.
What is the SNS / sympathetic nervous system?
What is atrial fibrillation?
This implanted device delivers electrical impulses when the heart beats too slowly.
What is a pacemaker?
Cardiology fellows interested in performing procedures such as coronary angioplasty and stenting can pursue an additional fellowship in this subspecialty.
What is interventional cardiology?
Most of the posterior surface, or base, of the heart is formed by this chamber.
What is the left atrium?
HR x SV = this cardiovascular measurement.
What is cardiac output?
A patient develops sudden severe chest pain described as "tearing" and radiating to the back. Blood pressures differ between the two arms.
What is aortic dissection?
These medications, whose names often end in "-olol," decrease heart rate and contractility by blocking sympathetic stimulation of the heart.
What are beta blockers?
Besides “Stayin’ Alive,” songs around this recommended chest-compression tempo can help rescuers maintain approximately this many compressions per minute.
This coronary artery travels down the anterior interventricular groove and supplies much of the anterior left ventricle and interventricular septum.
What is the LAD / Left Anterior Descending artery?
The plateau phase of the ventricular myocyte action potential is primarily maintained by the influx of this ion through L-type channels.
What is calcium?
Shortly after an intensely emotional event, a patient develops chest pain, ST-segment changes, and elevated troponin. Coronary angiography shows no obstructive coronary disease.
What is Takotsubo cardiomyopathy? 💔
During this procedure, a balloon is inflated inside a narrow coronary artery, often followed by placement of a stent to keep the vessel open.
What is coronary angioplasty?
Cardiologists fascinated by arrhythmias, pacemakers, and ablations can specialize in this field.
What is cardiac electrophysiology?