History and Youth Justice System
The first legislation introduced to deal with youth in conflict with the law in Canada.
Juvenile Delinquents Act
Is youth crime increasing in Canada?
No. It is decreasing.
'Considering a warning' is a common type of this police behaviour under the YCJA
Police discretion
The most popular form of sentencing used in youth court.
Probation
What factors should be considered when deciding where to send a youth for custody (level of custody)?
seriousness of the offense
needs and circumstances of the youth
safety of others in custody
likelihood of escape
Ages that the YCJA covers
12-17
Most common type of youth crime.
Property crimes
The two types of factors used by police when deciding to charge a youth or not.
Legal factors and Extralegal factors
'The sentence should be proportional to the crime' is a ____________ of sentencing.
Principle
This type of youth custody would have locked down doors and fences.
Closed or secure custody
Creators of the Juvenile Justice System in Canada.
Scott and Kelso
Two types of crime increasing in youth
Drug and violent crimes
'Knowing the reason for arrest' is known as this for a young person stopped by the police.
Name one factor that needs to be considered before sentencing a youth.
•Degree of participation in the crime
•Harm done to victims
•Any reparation made by the young person
•Time spent in detention
•Prior record
•Mitigating circumstances related to the youth or the offense
Average cost of youth in closed/secure custody per year
$80000
Age that adult sentences can be given for violent offenses under the YCJA.
14-17
This theory says that people engage in crime because of their association with others who engage in crime.
Social Learning Theory
Under the YCJA, this involves processing the offender by means other than the courts when they commit less serious offences.
Extrajudicial Measures
Interim release may be granted after youth has been before a judge or justice of the peace within this many hours of being charged.
Custodial facilities can be run in two different ways. Such as?
Ministry run and Community run
Criminal records are held for this many years after a youth completes their sentence.
5 years or 10 years if it is a violent offence.
Age that is most common for youth committing crime.
17
The Crown must believe that there is sufficient evidence to proceed with a prosecution/support a finding of guilt in court if a trial were held is a necessary part of applying this part of the YCJA.
Extrajudicial Sanctions
These individuals act as advocates for the youth in the court proceedings.
Lawyers
Victims of crime can put together one of these to have a voice about how the crime has impacted them.
Victim Impact Statement