QoS
This is one of many leading causes of quality issues on networks which leads to a need for QoS (will accept multiple answers)
What is lack of bandwidth, latency & jitter, and/or packet loss
This is the concept used by NTP to calculate the accuracy of a time source
What is stratum
This tunneling protocol was originally created to provide transport for nonroutable legacy protocols like IPX
What is Generic Routing Encapsulation or GRE
LISP separates IP addresses into these two categories, reducing complexity in large-scale networks
What are RLOCs (Routing Locators) and EIDs (Endpoint Identifiers)
This is the most secure and current version of SNMP
What is SNMPv3
This traffic conditioning tool can be used to drop or mark down traffic that goes beyond a desired traffic rate
What are policers
This protocol is a mechanism for clock synchronizations in networks extremely sensitive to time drift
What is Precision Time Protocol or PTP
This is one of two common problems with overlay networks
What are recursive routing and outbound interface selection
VXLAN extends traditional VLAN capabilities by using this 24-bit field, allowing for up to 16 million segments
What is the VXLAN Network Identifier (VNI) or VNID
Syslog messages range between these levels of severity
What are 0 to 7
What is Differentiated Services or DiffServ
This command is used to specify Port Address Translation (PAT) vs. NAT
What is overload
This protocol performs authentication between two endpoints to establish security associations to carry control plane and data plane traffic for IPSec
What is Internet Key Exchange or IKE
To facilitate VXLAN communication, this network device is responsible for encapsulating and decapsulating Layer 2 frames
What is a VXLAN Tunnel Endpoint (VTEP)
This tool built into Cisco IOS software allows for continuous monitoring via network probes to track delay, jitter, packet loss, etc.
What is IP SLA
This is the recommended congestion-avoidance mechanism for modern rich-media networks
What is weighted RED (WRED)
This mechanism is used in conjunction with FHRPs to take action when there is a state change affecting network traffic
What is object tracking
<<DAILY DOUBLE>>
This is one of the two packet headers used by IPSec to deliver the security services native to IPSec
What are authentication header & encapsulating security payload (ESP)
When an edge router needs to communicate with an unknown destination EID, it sends this type of message to the Map Resolver
What is a Map-Request
This allows for capturing packets from one device and sending the capture across a L3 routed link to another destination
What is Encapsulated Remote SPAN or ERSPAN
These are the two of the three main components of Modular QoS CLI
What are class maps, policy maps, and service policies
This is the default timeout for NAT translations
What is 24 hours
Beginning in IOS XE 17.11.1, outdated authentication methods or encryption standards are rejected for IPSec tunnel services (give an example of one)
What are DES & 3DES (encryption) and MD5 (auth)
This UDP port number is officially assigned to VXLAN by IANA
What is 4789
What differentiates Flexible NetFlow from traditional NetFlow
What is the ability to use multiple flow monitors on the same traffic at the same time