Organelles and cell features
This organelle is found only in plant cells and makes food for the plant from sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water.
What is a chloroplast?
Found in plant and animal cells, this cell structure controls what enters and leaves the cell.
What is the cell membrane?
The type of cell division which produces two identical new cells.
What is mitosis?
How large an image is compared with its real life size.
What is magnification?
The net movement of particles from an area of high concentration to low concentration.
What is diffusion?
It is sometimes referred to as the brain of the cell. It contains DNA.
What is the nucleus?
This contains all of the organelles and everything else inside a cell. Some people say it is a jelly-like substance.
What is cytoplasm?
When DNA is tightly wound, it resembles these x-shapes.
What is a chromosome?
The part of a microscope that you look through.
What is an eyepiece?
The net movement of water particles from a region of low solute concentration to a region of high solute concentration, through a partially permeable membrane.
What is osmosis?
This organelle's nickname is the "powerhouse of the cell." It 'burns' food, either eaten or made, to give the cell energy.
What is a mitochondrion?
Found in plant and bacterial cells, this structure provides strong support on the outside of the cell.
What is a cell wall?
The name for the two identical cells produced during cell division.
What are daughter cells?
What is resolution?
The amount of information that can be seen in the image - defined as the smallest distance below which two discrete objects will be seen as one.
A barrier that only lets certain molecules pass through, but not others.
What is a partially permeable membrane?
What are the two organelles present in plant cells, but not animal or bacterial cells?
Chloroplasts and a permanent vacuole.
What cell type is smallest: animal, plant or bacterial?
Bacterial cells.
What is the number of chromosomes a cell will have following mitosis, if that cell originally had 46 chromosomes.
46 chromosomes.
If an image is 5 mm, and the magnification used is 50x, what is the actual size of the image?
0.1 mm
The two main gases that diffuse in and out of the blood in the lungs.
Carbon dioxide and oxygen.
What are small rings of DNA found in bacteria called?
A cell that can differentiate (develop) into other cell types. Can be found in embryos and bone marrow (and some other organs).
What is a stem cell?
What do chromosomes do before moving apart and separating during mitosis?
They line up in the middle of the cell.
A type of microscope that can magnify images much more powerfully than a light microscope. (E.g. x500,000)
What is an electron microscope?
List two factors that can improve the rate of diffusion.
Any two from:
Greater concentration gradient (difference)
Greater surface area
Smaller diffusion distance
Higher temperature